Mari yeMabasa
Kunyange zvazvo isu tichifunga nezvezvipo apo patinofunga nezvekusabatsira, zvechokwadi, zvakawanda zvemari yezvipo zvinopa ruzivo kubva pamari yebasa uye kutengeswa kwezvinhu.
Maererano neNational Center for Charitable Statistics, mitsva yemari inopa mari yakapa hafu (47.5 muzana) yemari yose yezvipo zvehurumende muna 2013. Chimwe chikamu chemari yakabva kune hurumende dzehurumende dzebasa.
Yunivhesiti yavose, semuenzaniso, iri munzvimbo huru inotsigirwa nevabhadhara muhurumende iyoyo. Iyo yunivhesiti inobhadharawo zvidzidzo, inogamuchira zvipo zvehurumende zvekutsvakurudza (munyaya yekutsvakurudza zvemauto, mari yakawanda), uye inotengesa zvigadzirwa kuburikidza nebhuku razvo remabhuku uye matikiti kune zvigadzirwa zvemaitiro uye zvemitambo. Chipatara chinotengesa michina muchitoro chayo chechipo uye inopa rubatsiro rwemishonga huripo nevarwere, makambani einishuwarenzi, uye hurumende.
Zvipo zvinovabatsira
Kunyange zvazvo mari yose yekusakundikana inouya kubva kuhutano hwemasimba, yezvipi zvipo ndeye chikamu, vanhu ndivo vanobva kune zvipo zvakakura zvezvipo zvezvipo kune masangano asina nhengo.
Maererano nekupa USA, kupa kwechipo kwakakwana muUnited States kwakawana mari inodarika madhora 373.25 muna 2015. Pari iyo, 71 muzana yakabva kuvanhu. Mamwe mapiyona ehupano aive nehurumende uye nheyo dzheyo, zvigaro, uye kushamwaridzana kwekambani.
Corporate Philanthropy
Kubudirira kwekambani kwakave iri chikamu chinokosha chekuzivikanwa kwemakambani makuru makuru uye mabhizimisi maduku akawanda pamwe chete.
Mutungamiri wehutano hwemagariro evanhu (CSR) hwave huchinyanya kukosha sezvo vatengi vave vatowedzera kutenga kubva kumakambani ane hurumende.
Nhepfenyuro yemari inogona kuva nguva yakareba yekuzvipira kune zvimwe zvikonzero uye zvipo zvakabatanidzwa kwavari, kana zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya episodic uye zvinotengeswa pamusika, zvinotarisana nemamwe mapikicha, zviitiko , uye mapurojekiti. Kubhadhara kubva kumakambani kunogona kuva chinhu chakanaka chekutsigira mazano matsva, mapurogiramu chaiwo, uye zviitiko zvakakosha.
Nzira dzisingabatsiri inowedzera kutsvaga mikana yekuumba ushamwari hwekambani yekufambisa uye kutengeserana kwakabatana . Makambaniwo anowanzobatsira vashandi vavo kupa zvipo uye vanofananidza zvipo izvozvo . Vashandi vanozvipira mapurogiramu vanozivikanwa, uye dzimwe zvipo zvakasungirwa kune vashandi vanozvipira maawa .
Federal, State, uye Local Governments
Nzira dzakawanda dzisina purofiti dzinobatsira kubva kumativi ese ehurumende. Mienzaniso inokosha inodzidziswa nehuruzhinji, dzidzo yepamusoro, uye nhepfenyuro yevanhu. Hurumende, hurumende, uye hurumende yemunharaunda inobhadhara zvirongwa zvakawanda zvakapiwa nevasina maturo, kunyanya kubasa revanhu uye zvehutano. Grants.gov inopa zveruzhinji zvemashoko uye zvinyorwa zvepa federal grants.
Federated Funds
Zvimwe zvevanhu vanoita sangano seUnited Way, United Arts, uye mari yemunharaunda inogona kuva yakatendeseka mitsva yemari yakawanda yemari.
Sangano rezvemari rakagara rakabudirira nokuti rakatsigira mushandi kupa kumakambani. Nhasi, vakave vashoma pakuzivikanwa sezvo nzira itsva dzekupa vashandi dzakasimbiswa uye sevaduku vaduku, sevane millennials , vachitsvaga kuti vawedzere kubatanidzwa nezvipo zvavanopa.
Kupa-Kupa Ruzhinji Rutsigiro
Rutsigiro rwepaguruvhesi muchinjikwa pakati pechigaro chega uye rudo. Vanowanzogamuchira mari kubva kuvanhu vose, hurumende, uye nheyo dzevamwe . Vanogona kuita basa revanhu, asi kunyanya kukwidza mari uye kupa zvipo kune dzimwe dzisina ruzivo runopa rubatsiro rwakananga.
Iwe unogona kuwana zvizhinji zvakadai kupa zvipo zvepachena munzvimbo yako. Zvimwe zvakabatanidzwa nesangano renyika; Sangano reJunior nderimwe muenzaniso akadaro. Kupa-kugadzira zvipo zvehurumende zvinopa IRS Form 990 , saka ruzivo pamusoro pavo runogona kuwanikwa mune dzakawanda zvinyorwa, zvakadai seS Foundation Cente r uye GuideStar.
Nheyo
Nheyo dzinouya muhukuru hwakasiyana-siyana nemhando, asi zvipo zvavo zvinogona kuva zvakakosha uye zvinokosha.
- Nheyo dzezvematongerwo enyika nheyo dzevamwe, asi mapuranga avo anowanzogadzirwa nevakuru vakuru. Mari yavo inopa mari iripo zvakasiyana nedzimwe sangano, uye vane vashandi vavo vehutano.
- Nheyo dzemhuri dzinogamuchira zvipo kubva kuvanhu kana mhuri. Mhemberero dzakawanda dzemhuri dzakave dzakapoteredza kwenguva yakareba uye dzive mazita emhuri. Funga nezveGates Foundation , Rockefeller Foundation, uye Ford Foundation. Mhuri dzakawanda nheyo dzine zvigaro mumabhiriyoni, asi nheyo dzemhuri dzakawanda zviduku, dzinowanzobhadhara mari munharaunda, uye dzinowanzove dzisina zvishoma kune vashandi vashandi. Aya mavambo eheyo anowanzopa mari kumabatsiro emaguta ekumusha kwavo .
- Nheyo dzenharaunda ndezvenheyo dzomusangano dzinoshandisa zvinhu zvevadzidzisi vakawanda. Vanoshanda kuvandudza vagari vomunharaunda yavo kuburikidza nekupa zvipo, kupa zvikwereti, nekupa rubatsiro kune vanopa. Nheyo dzenharaunda dzave dzakashanda zvikuru mukupa mari-inopa mari yevadzidzisi vanoda kuve nechinangwa mukupa kwavo asi havadi kuisa mavambo avo ega ega. Nheyo dzemunharaunda nhasi dzinowanzoronga kupa kupa mazuva ekubatsira rubatsiro rwenharaunda kusimbisa mari .
Kudzokorodzana vs. Kubvunzurudzwa Kwepfungwa
Kunze kwekutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana, chirongwa chako chekubhadhara mari chinofanira kuwana zvose zviripo zvinotsigirwa mari uye rubatsiro rwepisodic.
- Kutsigirwa kunowanzosvika kuburikidza nemapurogiramu nemabasa akaita seYorld Fund . Mari yegore negore inongoreva chete-gore negore (kana kupfuura kazhinji) kukumbira kune boka guru rezvikamu. Mari yakadaro inowanzoregererwa-inowanikwa chero yashandiswa-uye inogona kureva chikamu chikuru chemari yegore risina purofiti.
- Sales of Products and Services. Zvimwe zvisina ruzivo zvine zvivako kana kuti zvinopa maitiro anokwanisa kureva ruzivo rwemari yakawanda. Musikana Scouts mumwe muenzaniso wakajeka wekutengeswa kwekiki wegore negore, uye Goodwill Industries ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa mutengesi. Rwiyo rwemitambo kana yemitambo inowana mari kuburikidza nokutengeswa kwetikiti. Zvisinei, mari inowana mari inofanira kunge yakabatana nekutumwa kwesangano, kana inogona kubhadharwa semari isina mari yezvebhizimisi .
- Multiyear Grants. Sangano rinopa kupa ruzivo seheyo rinogona kupa mvumo yekubhadhara mari yepurogiramu chaiyo kana yekusagadziriswa mari yekubatsira kubhadhara mari yepamusoro yekushandisa sangano.
- Endowment Income. Zvizhinji zvakawanda zvisina maturo, kunyanya zvikoro zvepamusoro, uye masangano ezvehutano anovaka zvipo zvakakura zvezvipo zvinounza kufarira kunotsigira mapurogiramu avo. Episodic mari inogona kubva kune imwe nheyo kana zvikwereti zvekambani, zviitiko zvakakosha , kana kubata. Iyi mari inogona kuve yakasununguka kana isingabvumirwi.
Nzira mbiri Dzakasiyana-siyana dzeCraising
Mushandirapamwe mukuru unoshandiswa kwenguva shoma nesangano risina bumbiro rekusimudzira mari yakawanda kune imwe nzvimbo, zvakadai se:
- Kubhadhara chivako chitsva
- Kurera mari yeimwe purojekiti, yakadai sekutsvaga kenza
- Kuwedzerwa imwe nzvimbo yakadai sekupa mvumo
Mishandirapamwe emaguta inotanga uye kuguma asi kazhinji inopera makore akawanda. Mushandirapamwe mukuru unoshandisa nzira dzose dzinowanzonzi yekusimudza mari dzakadai sekunyora yakananga uye kukumbira zvakananga. Mishandirapamwe emaguta inoda kunyatsogadzirira nekugadzirisa kushanda.
Nzira dzakawanda dzisina ruzivo ikozvino dzakaronga kupa kupa mapurogiramu anobatsira vabatsiri vanosanganisira zvavanoda zvinokonzera mukuda kwavo kana kuronga kweimba. Ropafadzo chipo annuity yave yakakurumbira pakati pevadzidzisi vakawanda sezvo inobvumira kubhadhara mutero apo ichipa mari muhupenyu hwevaya.
Chirongwa chekubhadhara mari chinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemaitiro aya uye zvitubu. Kugadzira kusagadziriswa, kuenderera mberi kwemari ndiyo basa rinokosha zvikuru, rinoteverwa nedzimwe mari inokura sangano uye inovimbisa ramangwana rayo.