01 - Kubhadhara Chikwereti Chekuita Kuongorora Kuongorora
Zano: Dzvanya pamufananidzo kuti uone zviri mumwero wakakwana. Iwe uchazviona zvakare mune rimwe firiji kuitira kuti iwe uverenge tsanangudzo uye uone mufananidzo panguva imwe chete.
Kuti uongorore chikwereti chekwereti yekambani yako, unofanirwa kuva nebhadharo rekambani uye chirevo chemari chaunogona kuwana. Iwe uchada ruzivo kubva kune zvose izvi zvinyorwa zvemari. Chikwereti chechikwereti chinotarisa zvinhu zvekambani, zvikwereti, uye kubatira chikwereti.
Heano pari yemari yemari yatinozoshandisa mune iyi tutori. Iwe unogona kuona kuti kune makore maviri emadhora ezvo kunyatsofungidzira kwakasimba. Izvi ndechokuti kuenzanisa kuenzanisa chete chigadziro chakanaka kana tichikwanisa kuenzanisa nheyo dzatinoverenga kune imwe yemakore yedheta kana kumabhizimusi ezvikwata.
Kana iwe ukananga mberi, uchaona kuti tichashandisa mahwendefa aya emari uye mushumo wegore re2007 kuti tione chikwereti cha2007 chechikwereti chekambani. Zvadaro, tichavafananidza nechikwereti cha2008 chichienderana nekutsanangura chimwe nechimwe uye kuti kuchinja kwavo gore negore kunorevei. Iwe unogona kudzokorora zvigadziro zvekusimba kwako.
02 - Tora Chikwereti kuAfa Ratio
Zano: Dzvanya pamufananidzo kuti uone zviri mumwero wakakwana. Iwe uchazviona zvakare mune rimwe firiji kuitira kuti iwe uverenge tsanangudzo uye uone mufananidzo panguva imwe chete.
Chikwereti chemafaji chinokonzera kukuratidza kuti yakawanda yebhasi yako yepasi inobhadharwa nechikwereti. Chinhu chinokosha chokuyeuka ndechekuti kana 100% yebhasi yako yepasi inobhadharwa nemari chikwereti, iwe uri kukanganisa! Iwe unoda kuchengetedza chikwereti chako kuti uwane chiyero chekuita maererano nekambani yako. Iwe unodawo kutarisa mamiriro ezvinhu ezvakaitika mune yako yakasimba uye iwe unokwanisa kubhadhara mari yako yekufarira kune chikwereti.
Tarisa pazhizha rezeri. Zvose data iwe waunoda iri pano uye yakasimbiswa. Chikwereti chemari chiyero ndechekuti: Chero Chekwereti / Nhamba Dzose
Parizeri yekuburitsa kwe2007, zviwanikwa zvacho ndeye $ 3 373. Kuti uwane chikwereti chakakwana, iwe unofanira kuwedzera pamwe chete chikwereti chazvino (madhora aripo), iyo $ 543, uye chikwereti kwenguva refu, iyo $ 531. Kuverenga kunowanikwa:
Chikwereti kuAfa = $ 543 + $ 531 / $ 3373 = 31.84%
Chikwereti chemari yechikwereti che XYZ Corporation chinokwana 31.84% zvinoreva kuti 31.84% yezvigadziro zveimba iyo inotengwa nekwereti. Somugumisiro, 68.16% yehupfumi yemari iyo inobhadharwa nehutano kana mari yevatengi.
Hatizivi kana ichi chakanaka kana chakaipa sezvo isu tisina dhizimusi data kuti tienzanise nayo. Tinokwanisa kuverenga chiyero chegore ra2008. Kana iwe ukaita izvozvo, uchaona kuti chikwereti chemari chiyero che 2008 chakave 27.79%. Kubvira muna 2007 kusvika muna 2008, chikwereti chezvinhu zvechirongwa cheXYZ Corporation chakakwira kubva 31.84% kusvika 27.79%.
Dhesi muchikwereti kune chiyero chechigove chinogona kuva chinhu chakanaka, asi tinoda ruzivo rukuru kuti tiongorore izvi zvakakwana.
03 - Tora Chikwereti kuEquity Ratio
Zano: Dzvanya pamufananidzo kuti uone zviri mumwero wakakwana. Iwe uchazviona zvakare mune rimwe firiji kuitira kuti iwe uverenge tsanangudzo uye uone mufananidzo panguva imwe chete.
Bhizimisi inobhadharwa nechikwereti kana kuenzanisa (mari inowanikwa nevaridzi) kana kusanganiswa kwemaviri. Chikwereti chekuenzanisa chikamu chinoshandisa kuti chikwereti chakashandiswa sei kubhadhara kambani maererano nehuwandu hwehutano hunoshandiswa. Kushandisa chikwereti mari ndeye riskier yekambani kupfuura kushandisa mari yekuenzanisa. Sezvo chikamu chemari chikwereti chekubhadhara chinokwira, dambudziko rekambani rinokwira zvakare. Ndosaka kuverenga chiyero ichi chakakosha, kunyanya kune muridzi wekambani.
Tarisa pazhizha rezeri. Iwe unogona kuona kuti chikwereti chakakwana uye chikwereti chekugoverana zvose zvakasimbiswa. Izvo zviyero zviviri zvaunoda kuti uverenge chikwereti kuhutano hwehutano. Iko kuverenga ndeyekuti: Chero Chekwereti (Zvikwereti) / Evanosungirirwa Equity = _____%
Kana iwe uchiverenga chikwereti chekuenzanisa chikamu che 2007, unowana:
$ 543 + $ 531 / $ 2299 = 46.72%
Izvi zvinoreva kuti 46.72% yehupfumi yehupfumi yehutano chikwereti uye zvakasara zvinowanikwa nemari yemari. Kufanana nedzimwe humwe huwandu, iwe unoda dinganisiro deta kuitira kuti uzive kana izvi zvakanaka kana zvakaipa. Hatina dhizimusi data asi isu tinokwanisa kuverenga chikwereti cha 2008 chekuenzanisa chikwata.
Kana iwe uchiverenga chikwereti cha 2008 chekuenzanisa, chigumisiro chacho ndeche 38.48% . Muna 2008, sangano iri kushandisa chikwereti chiduku chekubhadhara mabasa ayo angave akanaka. Tinofanira kuita zvimwe zvakadzama zvekutsvaga mari, zvisinei, kuti tizive izvozvo zvechokwadi.
04 - Cherechedzai Times Yakawanikwa Inowanikwa Ratio (Interest Coverage)
Zano: Dzvanya pamufananidzo kuti uone zviri mumwero wakakwana. Iwe uchazviona zvakare mune rimwe firiji kuitira kuti iwe uverenge tsanangudzo uye uone mufananidzo panguva imwe chete.
Chimwe chikwereti kana chiyero chemari chinotarisirwa kuti chiverengere kambani ndiyo nguva inowanikwa inowanikwa yakawanda (TIE) kana chiyero chekugoverwa kwechido. Chikamu cheTIE chinoudza muridzi webhizimisi shoma kuti firimu inogona sei kubhadhara mari yekutora kune chikwereti. Kana iyo firm inoshandisa mari yechikwereti, inogona kukwanisa kubhadhara mari yekutora.
Kazhinji, kana kambani ine chikwereti chakakura, ipapo nguva dzinowanikwa mubereko inowanzosara sezvo zvingave zvakaoma kubhadhara mari yekutora mari kana ine chikwereti chakawanda. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana chikwereti chekambani chacho chiri pasi, ipapo nguva inobhadhara mari inowanikwa inenge yakakwirira sezvo zvingave zviri nyore kuvhara zvinoda mari yekambani.
Iyo nhamba yehuwandu hweTIE inouya kubva kumutsara wekusvika kwekambani sekuratidzwa pamusoro apa. Heanoi kuverenga kwehuwandu hwekambani yeTIE ye 2007:
EBIT / Mari Inoshandiswa Inoshandiswa = ____ X
$ 691 / $ 141 = 4.9 X
Izvi zvinoreva kuti kambani inogona kusangana nemari inoshandiswa nayo mari 4.9 nguva gore rimwe nerimwe. Hatizivi kana izvozvo zvakanaka kana kwete pasina chimwe chinhu kuchienzanisa uye isu hatina dhienzanisiro. Zvatinoziva, zvisinei, ndeyekuti XYZ Corporation inogona kubhadhara mari yekutora inowanikwa kanopfuura kamwe chete gore negore.
05 - Kududzirwa kweKutanga Kwekwereti Kuenzanisa Kuongorora
Zano: Dzvanya pamufananidzo kuti uone zviri mumwero wakakwana. Iwe uchazviona zvakare mune rimwe firiji kuitira kuti iwe uverenge tsanangudzo uye uone mufananidzo panguva imwe chete.
Takatarisa zvitatu zvakakosha zvekutarisira chikwereti, kana kuti mari yezvemari, maitiro ekutsanangurira chikwereti cheChrys Corporation. Sezvaunogona kuona mu tafura iri pamusoro, kambani iri kuvimba zvishomanana pamari yekubhadhara chikwereti muna 2008 kupfuura yaive muna 2007.
Iko kunowanzova chiratidzo chakanaka chehutano hwekambani yekambani. Chikwereti chikuru chinoreva ngozi yakawanda. Chikwereti chakawanda chinowanzoreva kuti kambani ine mari shoma inowanika kubhadhara vatengesi vayo uye nokuda kwebasa rakawanda sezvo inofanira kuvhara mari inoshandiswa nayo. Iyi kambani iri kuvimba zvikuru pamusoro pemuridzi wemari iye zvino. Kune bhizinesi duku, iro chiratidzo chakanaka.