Kuraira Bhizimisi Inishuwarenzi Inoshandiswa Nemishonga Inodhaka Pasina Basa
Kune vashandi, kushandisa zvinodhaka panzvimbo yebasa chinetso chikuru. Inogona kuwedzera kusava, kushandiswa kwakaderera, uye kuderedza kushanda kwemabasa.
Inogonawo kubatsira kune ngozi dzebasa. Vashandi vasina simba nekushandisa zvinodhaka vanogona kuzvikuvadza ivo, vamwe vashandi, uye nhengo dzevanhu.
Inoshandiswa neIkambani
Kushandiswa Kwemishonga uye Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) isangano rezvematongerwo enyika rinoita kuti kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inodhaka muUnited States. Icho chikamu cheDhipatimendi reHutano neHuman Services. SAMSHA yakabudisa mushumo pamusoro pekushandisa zvinodhaka mumishonga muna 2015. Mushumo wacho wakaratidza kuti 9,5% yevashandi venguva yakazara vangave vakatarisira kana kuti vakashandisa zvinodhaka kana zvinodhaka zvisina kukodzera mukati megore rapfuura. Mushumo wacho wakabva kune data iyo sangano rainge raunganidza kubva muna 2008 kusvika 2012.
Nhoroondo yeSAMSHA yakaratidzawo kuti kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakasiyana nemashamba. Vashandi vekugadzira uye yekuvaka vaiva nemitengo yakanyanya kudhakwa. Kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka zvisina kukodzera, kune rumwe rutivi, kwaiwanzoonekwa pakati pevashandi muzvigadzirwa zvekudya uye makamuri ekugara.
Federal and State Laws
Dhiragi risina basa raMabasa Act 1988 inoda kuti vose vanogamuchira zvipo zvehurumende kuchengetedza nzvimbo isina kushandiswa nezvinodhaka. Mutemo unoshandawo kune mamwe makambaniki ehurumende. Mashoko pamusoro peMutemo uye zvaanoda zvinowanikwa kubva paDhipatimendi reBasa rebasa.
Vamwe vanoti uye masuwati apfuura mitemo yakafanana neye federal Drug-free Workplace Act.
Mitemo iyi inoshanda kuvashandi vakagamuchira zvipo kana zvibvumirano kubva muhurumende kana muguta. Kana mushandirwi asingakwanisi kuchengetedza mishonga isina kushandiswa nezvinodhaka sezvinodiwa nehurumende, hurumende kana mutemo wemvumo, kambani yevashandi kana kuti mari inogona kugumiswa.
State Discounts
Kubva muna 2016, 13 inotaura kuti mitemo inopa kutyora pamitemo inopa kushandiswa kwevashandisi ekubhadhara mari yevashandi kune vashandi vanoita basa risina tsvina.
- Alabama - §25-5-330 (1995) Inopa 5 kubva muzana kubhadhara kune vashandi vanovaka nzvimbo isina kubhadhara zvinodhaka maererano nekuita.
- Arkansas - §11-14-101 (1999) Vashandi vane mapurogiramu asingashandisi zvisina kushandisa zvinodhaka vanogona kukwanisa kubhadhara 5% pamashandiro emari ekubhadhara mari.
- Florida - §440.102 (1996) Inopa 5 muzana kuderedzwa kwepaimari kune vashandi vanoita nekuchengetedza chirongwa chechirongwa chisina kushandiswa kwemishonga chepabasa maererano nemitemo inoratidzwa muMutemo.
- Georgia - §33-9-40.2 & §34-9-410 Inopa huwandu hwe7,5 kubva mubhadharo yevashandi ekubhadhara mari kune vashandi vakagadzirisa purogiramu yemishonga isina kubhadhara mishonga iyo inopupurirwa nehurumende yeBhodi yeVashandi 'Kupa Mhosva.
- Hawaii - §431: 14-103 (1997) Inopa kuderedzwa kweanoda kusvika 5 kubva muzana pamakambani kune vashandi vanochengetedza hurongwa hwakachengeteka hwehutano uye hutano.
- Idaho - SB 1119 (2003) Inopa kuti vashandisi vehurumende vanoita kuongororwa kwezvinodhaka uye zvinodhaka zvevose varipo uye vatarisi vashandi vanofanirwa uye vanogona kubvumirwa kubhadhara vashandisi Vekubhadhara Kwemishandiro ekubhadhara.
- Kentucky 803 KAR 25.280 (2008) Vashandi vanoita purogiramu yebasa risina bhidhiyo vanogona kukodzero yekugadziriswa kwe 5% yehutano yavo yveshuwarenzi.
- Mississippi - §71-3-201 (1997) Inopa kupera kwe5 muzana yevashandi ekubhadhara zvikwereti kune vashandi vanogadzira purogiramu isina kubhadhara zvinodhaka.
- Ohio - OAC 4123-17-58 Ohio Bureau yeVashandi 'Kupa Mvumo yakabudisa mutemo unopa makore mashanu kuwedzera muvashandi ekubhadharwa kwepamusoro kwepamberi inogona kukwira zvakakwirira kusvika makumi maviri kubva muzana.
- New York Chikamu 60 cheSect. 134 yeWC (2007) Basa rekuchengeteka uye kurasikirwa kwekudzivirira chirongwa chekubatsira. Kusiyanisa zvikwereti zvakapiwa kuchengetedzwa, kudzoka kana basa, uye kudzivirira zvinodhaka uye doro. Maximum credits 10% mugore rokutanga uye 6% pashure.
- South Carolina - §38-73-500 (1997) Inopa 5 kubva muzana kubhadharwa kwevashandi ekubhadhara mari yepamutemo kune vashandi vanozvipira kuita purogiramu yebasa risina mushonga.
- Tennessee - §50-9-101 (1997) Inopa 5 muzana kubhadharwa pamishandirapamwe kuvashandi vanogadzira purogiramu isina kubhadhara zvinodhaka.
- Virginia - §65.2-813.2 (1997) Inopa 5 percent premium discount kuvashandi vanotanga chirongwa chekushandisa zvinodhaka pasina nzvimbo.
Zvinodhaka nezvinobatsira
Ngatitii mushandi akakuvadzwa ari pabasa achidhakwa nemishonga kana doro. Ko mushandi anogona kubhadhara vashandi mari yekubhadhara? Mhinduro yacho inobva kune nyika. Vamwe vanoti vashandi vanoita basa rokuunganidza vashandi mari yekubhadhara kwekukuvadzwa kwakasimbiswa panguva yekudhakwa. Dzimwe hurumende dzinopa huwandu hwakaderera hwezvibatsiro.
Cherechedza kuti mitemo inobatsira haibatsiri pamutoro wako wevanhu vatatu vanokuvadzwa nevashandi vako vanodhakwa. Mitemo inopikisana nechisimba chako iyo inobva mukukuvara kwakadaro inofanira kuvharwa nehuwandu hwehutano yveshuwarisi .
Nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzehuwandu hunowanikwa kune vashandi vanoda kuumba chirongwa chemishonga chebasa risina basa. Mienzaniso ndeye SAMSHA, Dhipatimendi reVashandi, uye vashandi vako vehurumende vanopa zvipo. Iwe unogonawo kutsvaka rubatsiro kubva kune vashandi vako vanobhadhara mubhadhadziro . Vakawanda vatsitsi vanopa mazano ekudzivirira njodzi dzinosanganisira zvinodhaka nekudhakwa kwewaini.
Chinyorwa chakagadzirwa naMarianne Bonner