Shandisa nzira idzi kuti uongorore zvinyorwa zvemari zvekambani
Nzira dzinoverengeka dzinobatsira dzinosanganisira mashomanana nyore uye zvitsvakurudzo zvingakubatsira iwe kuita chimwe chikwata uye chekuita chetatimende yemari yekuongorora kwebhizimisi rako, zvichienderana nemhando yemashoko waunoda kuongorora.
Iwe uchishandisa zvinyorwa zvitatu zvezvemari, chikamu chebhadharo , chirevo chemari , uye chirevo chemari inoyerera . Ita chokwadi, kunyanya kana uri kushandisa zvinyorwa zvezvemari kubva pane imwe nguva yehupfumi, kuti rimwe rehutatimende yemari rakagadzirirwa nenzira imwechete kuitira kuti iwe uwane dhiyabhorosi inonyatsoenzaniswa kubva pane imwe nguva kuenda pane imwe. Tora izvi uchifungawo kana iwe ukasarudza kuenzanisa nhepfenyuro yako yezvemari kune iyo yekunze firms kana emabhizimusi mashizha.
Imwe neimwe nzira dzinotevera dzinoita kuti kuonekwa kuve maitiro emabhizimisi, kusiyana, uye nenyaya, kumutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pekambani inoda kupindurwa. Kuongorora bhizinesi, kuwana tsanangudzo yezvisiyanano nekuita shanduko kubva pane zvakanaka kana kuti zvisina kunaka mafungiro ndeyekuguma kwehutatimende yemari yekuongorora.
01 - Trend Analysis
Trend analysis inonziwo nguva-series analysis . Trend analysis inobatsira mumiriri wemari wekambani kuti aone kuti iyo yakasimba ingangodaro yakaita sei kupfuura nguva, zvichienderana nemitambo inoratidzwa neyakaitika kare.
Trend analysis inoshandisa data yezvematongerwo emashoko kubva mune zvinyorwa zvemari zvematare, pamwe chete nemashoko akafanotaurwa kubva kune pro company, kana kutarisa-kutarisa, zvinyorwa zvemari, kuunganidza maonero ekureba kwenguva yebasa rezvemari uye kutarisa kuchinja kwemazuva.
Imwe nzira yakakurumbira yekuita mafambiro ekuongorora ndeyemari yehuwandu hwekuongorora . Kana iwe uchiverenga mari yehurumende yebhizimisi yakasimba, iwe unoda kuverenga makore maviri ekuenzanisa kuti uenzanise kurutivi-ne-rutivi kuti upe chero ruzivo rwakakosha.
Ratios hazvirevi chinhu kunze kwekuti une chimwe chinhu chokuzvifananidza nacho, chakadai semamwe makore ekudarika. Trend analysis yakanyanya kusimba kana iwe uine uye usingashandise makore akawanda emari yemari. Mamwe mapikisi anoenzanidza dhesi kusvika kuhuwandu hwehuwandu hwemabhizimisi avo kana makwikwi.
02 - Common-Size Financial Statement Analysis
Kuwedzera-kukura kwemari yemari yekuongorora kunosanganisira kuongorora bhajiro rebhadhiro nemashoko ekuwana mari achishandisa zvikamu. Zvose zvinyorwa zvekutsvaga mutsara zvinhu zvinotaurwa se peresenti yekutengesa. Yese yemashandireji yemutsetse mitsara inotsanangurwa se peresenti yenhumbi dzose.
Semuenzaniso, pane zvinyorwa zvekunowana, mutsara wega wega wega unopatsanurwa nekutengesa uye pachiyero chemashizha , mutsara wega wega unopatsanurwa nehuwandu hwezvinhu. Rudzi urwu rwekutsvaga runobatsira maneja wezvemari kuti aone chirevo chemari uye mari yebhadharo muhuwandu hwemazana, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kududzira.
Tichitarisa pane zvinyorwa zvekuwana mari , somuenzaniso, unogona kuzvishandura kuva chirevo chekutsvaga mari yakawanda nyore. Kana iwe uchiverenga mari yekutsva semuwandu wekutengesa kwekutengesa, inenge yakaita semuenzaniso uyu: $ 64,000 mari yakakwana / $ 1 000,000 inotengeswa = 6.4 muzana.
Isa chirevo ichocho kune imwe nheyo yemutsetse pane zvinyorwa zvekuwana kuti uwedzere hurukuro yako yakawanda-yakakura yekuwana. Mune mamwe mazwi, sarudza imwe nheyo imwechete sezana yezana rekutengesa, nekutengesa kwakaenzana ne100 muzana yega pachayo.
Sezvo nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemari, iwe unogona kufananidza zvinyorwa zvemazana zvakagadzirwa zvegore kubva kune rimwe gore kusvika kune mamwe makore e data kuti uone kushanda kwako kwakasimba. Zvinowanzoreruka kuita kuti kuenzanisa iko kushandisa mapeji asi pane nhamba dzese.
Kushandisa zvikamu zvekuita zvakare kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuenzanisa makambani maviri ehukuru hwakasiyana. Kunyange kana imwe yefirmiti ikakura katatu kupfuura mutsigiri wayo mumitemo yekutengesa, chikamu-chengwaru, zvichida inoshandisa kuenzana kwakafanana kwemari, somuenzaniso.
03 - Percentage Change Financial Statement Analysis
Percentage change change statement analysis inowana zvishoma zvakaoma. Paunoshandisa iyi fomu yekuongorora, unoverenga kukura kwemari yezvose zvinyorwa zvekutora zvinhu uye mabhidhisi ebheji rebhaari maererano negore rekutanga.
Iyi ndiyo nzira yakasimba kwazvo yekushambadzirwa kwemari yemari. Iwe unogona chaizvo kuona kuti zvakasiyana sei zvinyorwa zvemari zvinhu uye mabhidhiji epaji rekuenzanisa zvakakura kana kuti zvakaderera maererano nekukura kana kuderera mukutengesa uye zvinhu zvacho zvose .
Semuenzaniso, taura kuti XYZ, Inc. ine $ 500 muzvinyorwa pamabhadhiro ayo muna 2015 uye $ 700 muzvinyorwa pairi rebhadharo muna 2016. Inguva yakawanda yakakura sei muna 2016?
Chirongwa chokuverenga chiyero chekuwedzera mune zvinyorwa ndeichi: (2016 kuguma kwekutsvaga - 2015 kutanga kutora) / 2015 kutanga kuongorora = $ 200 / $ 500 = 0.40, kana 40 muzana. Kukura kana kuchinja mukutsvaga kweXYZ, Inc. muna 2016 ndeye 40 muzana.
Kana iwe ukaita kuwandisa kwekuchinja shanduko yebhaariji rose uye rekutora zvinyorwa zvezvinhu, kuenzanisa makore maviri kana matatu ekuwedzerwa kwedheta redu kune rumwe rutivi kuti uone matanho anokosha mune zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sekudhura zvakanyanya kana kuwedzerwa kutengesa kukura.
04 - Benchmarking
Benchmarking inodanwawo kuti "industry analysis". Benchmarking inosanganisira kuenzanisa kambani nedzimwe makambani mumakambani akadaro kuti vaone kuti imwe kambani iri kuita mari kana ichienzaniswa nevamwe vari mumhizha.
Rudzi urwu rwekuongorora runobatsira kune maneja wezvemari sezvainovabatsira kuona kana vane mukana wokukwikwidzana kana kuti kusava nekushaya maitiro kune vamwe mune bhizimisi rimwechete.
Nhamba yezvemari yehuwandu inowanzoshandiswa pakuenzanisa. Nhepfenyuro yemari yemunhu mumwe nomumwe, kunyanya makambani ehurumende anogona kuwanikwa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zvinyorwa zvishomanana zvinopa mhizha yehuwandu hwehutano, kunyange zvazvo zvingada kubhadharwa kubhadharwa, zvakadai seHangk Management Association's Annual Statement Studies.
Iwe unogonawo kuwana mhizha yehuwandu hwemashoko kubva ku Value Line uye Dun uye Bradstreet. Chengetai mabhuku ose matatu aya mabhuku ekuraibhurari yako yepamunharaunda kana pepareji yebhizimisi rekoroji.
Kuti uite bhenekmarking, fanisa kuenzanirana kwekambani imwe kune zvinyorwa zveimwe makambani mumhizha imwechete. Iva nechokwadi chokuti iyo mabhizimisi ehurumende inoshandiswa yakaenzana nenzira imwechete iyo zviyero zvekambani yako zvinotarirwa iwe paunenge uchienzanisa.
Kushandisa mazano emakambani ematanho emakambani aya anogona kubatsira vatungamiri vezvemari muku kunzwisisa bhizinesi rezvemari rebhizimisi mukati mavo uye nekuenzaniswa nedzimwe makambani mumhizha rayo. Pamwe chete, maitiro aya anopa simba rekuongorora zvinhu zvinogona kubatsira makambani kuti ave neruzivo rwekugara nekugadzirisa uye kubatsira.