Wood pallets yakave iri nzira iyo iyo nyaya inotamirwa kubva kune mutengesi kune vatengi uye zvino inosvika kumutengi. Iyo huni yehuni inogara muzvigadziro uye mabhuku munyika yose. MuU.S. kune mamiriyoni e pallets anoshandiswa zuva rega rega uye huwandu hwakawanda hunogadzirwa nemuti. Nekugadzirwa kwehuni huni, pane mazano ekuzvidira ayo akagadzirwa neNational Wooden Pallet neContainer Association (NWPCA) kuve nechokwadi chokuti chipande chose chinoshandiswa mukutumira nekuchengetedza kwezvinhu zvakachengeteka sezvinobvira.
Standard for Wood Pallets
Sangano reNational Wooden Pallet neContainer Association rakagadzira chiyero cheyunifomu chehuni huni inotsanangura zvakajeka kuti huni huni inofanira kuumbwa sei, kushanda kwakakodzera kwekamuri, uye kuti matanda anofanira sei kucheneswa. Iyi nheyo yakagamuchirwa neNNPCA munaMeyi we2012 uye inopa ani zvake anobatanidzwa nehuni pallets ruzivo rwavanoda kuti atarise chero mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira pallets.
Kugadzirwa kwePallets
Nhungamiro yeWNPCA inomirira kupa hutsika hunodiwa huripo hwehuni pallets. Chikamu chemashoko anotaura nezvekugadzirwa kwepellets kunosanganisira tsanangudzo pamusoro pezvikamu, tsanangudzo, uye tsanangudzo yezvokutengesa, kuvhiringidzika kwemazuva, kusvibiswa kwehutano, uye ruzivo rwekugadzirisa nekugadziriswa kwepallets. Kune makira maviri e pallets; stringer pallet, iyo inoshandisa firati yematanda matatu kana kupfuura akafanana akafanana, uye bindu pallet, iyo inoshandisa zvose zvakaenzana uye dzakanamatira zvakasimba kuti zvinyatsogadziriswa.
Iyo pamba inogona kugadzirwa nenhamba dzakasiyana-siyana; matanda, plywood kana OSB (yakagadzirirwa strand board), mapuranga-based composites, uye zvigadzirwa zvehuni zvinogadzirwa. Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinofanira kushandiswa ne fasteners zvakadai sezvipikiri zvakagadziriswa uye zvinyorwa, zvigadzirwa zvemotokari zvesimbi, zvigadzirwa zvehuni, uye zvigunwe zvegumbo. Panofanira kuva nenhamba shoma ye fasteners yehutano humwe, huchienderana nehupamhi hwechikamu chinobatanidzwa, uye kuiswa kwevaya vakagadziridza kunovharwa munyaya yacho.
Kugadziriswa kwepallets kunokosha sezvo kunoderedza huwandu hwepa pallets hutumirwa kune zvinyorwa zvevhu uye inobatsira kumakambani anoshandisa pallets sezvo inoderedza mari yekutenga kana kugadzira mapirlets matsva. Nyaya yacho inopa ruzivo rwakajeka pamusoro pokuti ungagadzirisa sei chirongwa chinopiwa chero nhamba yezviitiko, zvakadai sokushaikwa kwehuni, kuparadzaniswa, delamination, kana kuti zvigadziriswa.
Kuitwa kwePallets
Nhengo imwe neimwe inofanira kunge yakakwanisa kuita basa raive rakagadzirirwa kuti riite, uye saizvozvo nhaurwa yeNWPCA inopa makambani ruzivo pamusoro pekushanda kwepara, iyo ine mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda. Kuedzwa kwepallets kunotsanangurwa neIO test method; ISO 8611-1: 2011 inotsanangura nzira dzekuedza dzinowanika kuongorora itsva pallets flat yekushandisa. Nzira dzekuedza dzinoparadzaniswa kuva mapoka ehurongwa hwekuongororwa kwemajeri, kuongororwa kushanda kuenzanisa, uye kugadzirisa kuenzanisa kuenzanisa. Pane maviri akasiyana-siyana emutoro wekutakura: kuongorora kuonekwa uye kuedzwa kuparadzwa. Nyaya inowanikwa yakawanda yakawanda inoshandiswa kuparadzwa, sezvo zvinongogoneka kuenzana neplate mutoro wekuchengetedza kana chinhu chiri pasi pekuedza chadarika basa rakachengeteka rakakwana kusvika pakuputsa mutoro.
Shanduro yePal Pallets
Izwi re NWPCA rinotsanangura phytol tsvina yehuni pallets.
IWNPCA inoratidza kuti mapaundi ose anofanirwa kuenzanirana neInternational Standards yeZvirongwa zvePhytosanitary Publication No. 15 (ISPM 15). Uyu mutemo wakagamuchirwa neU.S. uye nhamba inowedzera yenyika. IIPM 15 yakagadzirirwa kuderedza dambudziko rekuparidzira uye kupararira kwezvisikwa zvekuparadzanisa zvinoshamwaridzana nekufambisa mune zvekutengeserana kwenyika yehuni pakatakura zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kubva mumatanda akaoma. Mishonga yehuni inosanganisira kurapa kwekupisa, iyo inotsanangura kupisa kwa 56 C kwehuwandu hwemaminitsi makumi matatu ekupfuura. Mimwe mishonga inosanganisira kushandisa methyl bromide, iyo inoshandiswa kuputira huni kwemaawa makumi maviri nemaviri.