Kusarudza kana chinangwa chikuru chinonzwisisika
Idzimishonga idzi huru dzinotanga nebhajheji yemari, iyo inotsanangura kushandiswa kwepurojekiti yekutanga yepurojekiti uye inotarisirwa gore roga roga kuyerera.
Iyo bhajhiti inosanganisira kuverenga kuratidzira nguva inofungidzirwa yekubhadhara, pamwe nekufungidzira kuti purojekiti inobudisa mari inotarisirwa inoyerera gore rega rega.
Makambani anowanzoita zvinhu zvinopfuura chimwe chete, nekusiyana kwekutsvaga mari kana kubhadharwa mari, kusarudza yakawanda-inenge yakaitika iyo inosangana nehutano hwavo uye zvimwe zvido zvekutora purojekiti.
Chii chinonzi Capital Project?
Basa guru rinowanzotsanangurwa sekutenga kana kuisa mari mune imwe nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa iyo, nedudziro, inotora nguva inopfuura gore rimwe chete. Mipurogiramu yemazuva ano inopera pasi pegore rimwe, uye makambani anowanzoonesa mari idzi sebhadharo pamashoko ekuwana mari, panzvimbo pekuita mari inoshandiswa pamari.
Mishonga yemiguta inogona kuisa chero ipi zvayo yakawanda, yakadhura purojekiti yakadai sekutenga kwezvigadzirwa zvegungano idzva remagungano kana kuvakwa kweimba itsva. Chimwe nechimwe chinangwa chinofanira kuratidzirwa kubhadhara pachako pachazvo nekuwedzera kwekugadzira, kuderedza mari kana kuwedzera mamwe mabhizinesi chaiwo.
Payback Period yeMari Yebhadhaji Yepamusoro
Iyo tsanangudzo yekubhadhara nguva nguva yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwebhajeti yakananga. Nguva yekubhadhara inomiririra nhamba yemakore inotora kubhadhara kushandiswa kwekutanga kweprojekti yepamusoro kubva pamari inoyerera iyo inojekesa.
Idzimba guru rinogona kusanganisira kutenga chimiro chitsva kana chivako kana kutenga chinhu chitsva kana kuti chinoshandiswa.
Kazhinji makambani anotara nguva yekubhadhara, zvichida, makore matatu zvichienderana nebhizimisi ravo. Mune mamwe mazwi, mumuenzaniso uyu, kana kubhadharwa kunouya pasi pemakore matatu, iyo firm yaizotenga zvakasara kana kuisa muurongwa. Kana kubhadharwa kwakatora kwemakore mana, hazviiti, nokuti inodarika chinangwa chechimiro chemakore matatu ekubhadhara mari.
Kuverenga Payback Nguva
Mazhinji emabhizinesi maduku anosarudza kuverenga nyore, kana kuenzanirana, kwekubhadhara nguva:
Payback Period = (Investment Inodiwa / Gore Negore Project Cash Inflow)
Mambure emwaka emari mari inowanikwa ndizvo zvinotengeswa nemari gore negore. Zvisinei, kana iyi inotengeswa ichitsvaga kubhadhara mari yakafanana nemushandira mutsva unotora mutambo usingashandisi, ipapo gore negore kuwedzera kwaizova kuwedzera kwemari yegore inopera mari inobva mumari yekutsvaga.
Imari yekubhadhara iyi inowanikwa gore (pamwe nemwedzi yakawanda) mari isati yasvika isati yasvika.
An Example
Ngatiti une midziyo mbiri muimba yako yekuchengetera. Mushonga Unodhura $ 20,000 uye yako yakasimba inotarisira kubhadhara pamutengo we $ 5,000 pagore. Mhando B inodhura $ 12,000 uye iyo yakasimba inotarisira kubhadhara pairiyo imwechete seMash A. A. Ongorora zviitiko zviviri sezvinotevera:
Machine A = $ 20,000 / $ 5,000 = makore mana
Mhando B = $ 12,000 / $ 5,000 = makore 2.4
Nezvimwe zvinhu zvose zvakaenzana, iyo yakasimba ingasarudza Machine B.
Payback Period seGorojekti yeMugadziro weKurongwa
Mari yekubhadhara nguva yakasara ine zvimwe zvakakosha. Somuenzaniso, kana ukawedzera muupenyu hwehupfumi hwemichina mbiri, unogona kuwana mhinduro yakasiyana chaizvo kana iyo midziyo inorarama ichisiyana nemakore akawanda. Saka, kushayikwa kwebhadharo ndechokuti hakugoni kuisa hupenyu hwehupenyu hwemidziyo kana yemiti inoshandiswa kuongorora.
Zvichida kushorwa kunonyanya kukosha kwekubhadhara nguva ndeyokuti haifungi kukosha kwemazuva emari . Cash inowanikwa kubva purojekiti yakagadzirirwa kugamuchirwa kwemakore maviri kusvika gumi, kana nguva refu, mune ramangwana, inogamuchira zvakaenzana uremu semari iyo inoyerera mari inotarisirwa kugamuchirwa mugore rimwechete.
Nokuda kwehutano hwezvehupfumi hunobatanidza nekufamba kwenguva kwekugamuchira mari, chirevo chacho chinopa chiitiko chakanaka kupfuura chinenge chiripo chinoratidza.
Pakupedzisira, asi kwete zvishoma, nguva yekubhadhara haina kubata purojekiti neineven cash flows zvakanaka. Kana purojekiti isina mari inokonzerwa nemari, saka kubhadharwa nguva isingabatsiri mari yekubhadhara mari kunze kwekuti iwe ukatora danho rekushandisa kushandiswa kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe chekuyerera kwemari.
Iyo inobhadharwa mubhadharo kwenguva yakawanda inoshandiswa ndiyo "inokurumidza uye isina tsvina" iyo inopa kupa kupa vatungamiri mamwe mararamiro akawandisa pamusoro pekunge purojekiti ichabhadhara kushandiswa kwekutanga. Kunyangwe nedzimwe nzira dzakapfuura, hutungamiri hunogona kusarudza kuvimba nenzira iyi yakaedza uye yechokwadi nekuda kwekuita zvakanaka.