Rwendo rweChina Chekushandisa Concrete Admixtures (Additives)
Admixtures inowanikwa kukhonkiti bhenki nguva isati yasvika kana panguva yekubatanidza konkrete. Concrete admixtures inogona kuvandudza unhu hwekodzero, kutarisira, kukurumidza kana kukanganisa kwekuisa nguva pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuchinjwa kuti zviwane mhinduro. Vakawanda, kwete kutaura zvose, zvinokonzerwa nekrete mazuva ano zvine imwe kana kuti yakawanda yakakonzera admixtures iyo inobatsira kutsanura kwako kutengesa kudhura paunowedzera kubereka, Mari yezvivigirano izvi ichasiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu uye rudzi rwekusanganiswa kushandiswa. Zvose izvi zvichawedzerwa kudivha yejubhi / mita yekrete.
01 - Concrete Admixtures: Set-Retarding
Kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwekhonkiti admixtures kunoshandiswa kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari inoitika apo krete inotanga mamiriro ekugadzirisa. Aya marudzi ekhonkiti admixtures anowanzoshandiswa kuderedza kushanda kwekushisa kwakakwirira kunogona kuita kuti pave nekugadzirisa kwekutanga kwekrete. Kugadzirisa kukanganisa admixtures kunoshandiswa pakuvakwa kwekambani yepamhanda, zvichibvumira nguva yakawanda yekupedzisa mapurisa emakona , kuderedza mari yakawedzerwa yekuisa imwe shiteni yakakosha yechitsitsi panzvimbo yebasa uye inobatsira kubvisa zvinyoro zvinotonhora mukrete. Vadzidzisi vanogonawo kushandiswa kupikisa kudonha nekuda kwekuita kusarudzo kunogona kuitika apo horizontal slabs inowanikwa muzvikamu. Vazhinji vanokanganisa vanoitawo sevanoderedza mvura uye vanogona kutora mhepo mukrete. 02 - Concrete Admixtures: Air-Entrainment
Mhepo inopinza konkiti inogona kuwedzera kusagadzikana kwechigadziko chekrete. Izvozvo zvinongororwa zvinogadzira konkiti inonyanya kushandiswa kupfuura yakange isina-entrained concrete apo inoderedza kubuda uye kusarura kwekrete yakachena. Kuvandudzika kushorwa kwekrete kune chakanyanya chisimba chechivako kana kufungidzira / kutungudza maitiro. Zvimwe zvikomborero zvinobva mukushandiswa uku ndezvi: - Kumusoro kushorwa kumagetsi ekudzikisa uye kuoma
- High degree of workability
- High degree of durability
Izvo zvakabatanidzwa mumhepo zvinoputika zvinoshanda sechirwere chepanyama chinopesana nekuputika kunokonzerwa nematambudziko anokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwemvura mumhepo inotonhora. Air inobatanidza admixtures inowirirana neenenge yose ye concrete admixtures. Kazhinji kune imwechete yezana yemhepo inobatanidzwa, simba rekumanikidzwa richaderedzwa neanenge mashanu muzana.
03 - Water-Reducing Concrete Admixtures
Mvura-kuderedza admixtures ndiyo michina yemakemikari iyo kana yakawedzerwa kukhoniti inogona kugadzira chidimbu chakakosha pane chidimbu chemaji-samende chinopfuura chinowanzogadzirwa. Mvura-kuderedza admixtures inoshandiswa kuwana simba rakakwana rekrete uchishandisa zvinyorwa zviduku zvakasvibiswa. Chinyorwa chemukati chemukati chinokonzera kupera kwe CO2 uye kushandiswa kwesimba nehuwandu hwekrete yakagadzirwa. Nechirudzi urwu rwekugadziriswa, krete yakagadziriswa inovandudzwa uye inobatsira nzvimbo yakrete pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Vatsigiri vemvura vave vachishandiswa zvikurukuru mumabhiriji emadhoroki, pasi-slump konkete yepamusoro, uye kubatisa konkrete. Kufambira mberi kwekugadzirwa kwekugadzirwa kwekambanikiti kwakakonzera kukurudzirwa kwepakati pepamusoro-soro remvura. 04 - Concrete Admixtures: Kufambisa
Kufambisa kwekrete yemadmixtures kunoshandiswa kuwedzera kuwanda kwekrete kwekusimudzira simba kana kuderedza nguva yekuisa nguva. Calcium chloride inogona kutumidzwa seyakanyanya kufambisa accelerator chikamu; zvisinei, zvinogona kukurudzira kugadzirisa basa rekusimbisa simbi . Kunyange zvakadaro, zvakanakisisa maitiro akadai sekugadzirisa kwakakodzera, chifukidzo chakanaka uye yakakodzera konter mix mix inogona kudzivirira nyaya idzi. Kufambisa admixtures kunonyanya kubatsira pakushandura zvinhu zvekrete munguva yechando. 05 - Concrete Admixtures: Shrinkage Kuderedza
Shrinkage kuderedza konkiti admixtures inowanikwa kukrete munguva yekutanga kusanganiswa. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kare uye nguva refu yekuoma shrinkage. Shrinkage kuderedza admixtures inogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kupera kwekudzivirira kunogona kutungamirira kune zvinetso zvakasimba kana kuti nhamba dzakawanda dzezvibatanidzi zve shrinkage hazvina kunaka kune zvoupfumi kana zvechikonzero. Shrinkage kuderedza admixtures inogona, mune dzimwe nguva, kuderedza kukura kwesimba zvose pakutanga uye shure kwemakore. 06 - Concrete Admixtures: Superplasticizers
Chinangwa chikuru chekushandisa zvipfeko zvepamusoro ndeyekuita kukonzera kwekrete nekukwirira kwakakwirira mukati mechinomwe kusvika kune mapfumbamwe masendimita kuti ishandiswe mune zvivakwa zvakasimba zvakasimbiswa uye pakuisa kune kumwe kwakanyatsogadziriswa nekudengenyeka hakugoni kuwanikwa nyore nyore. Chimwe chikumbiro chikuru ndechekugadzirwa kwe - high -power konkiti pa w / c kubva kubva ku3 kusvika ku4. Yakawanikwa kuti kune marudzi akawanda emasenti, superplasticizer inovandudza kushandiswa kwekrete. Imwe dambudziko rinobatanidza nekushandisa mvura yakakwirira yekuchera mvura mukrete iko kupera kwekushaya. High workability konkiti ine superplasticizer inogona kuitwa nekukwirira kukuru-kusvibiswa, asi mhepo inofanira kuwedzerwa maererano nekrete pasina superplasticizer. 07 - Concrete Admixtures: Corrosion-Inhibiting
Kuora-inhibiting admixtures kunowira muhutano hwekugadzirisa urongwa uye hunoshandiswa kunonoka kupisa kwekusimudzira simbi mukrete. Corrosion inhibitors inogona kuderedza zvikuru mari yekuchengetedza mari yekusimudzira zvikwereti zvekrete mukati mehupenyu hwehupenyu hwemakore makumi matatu nemakumi mana. Zvimwe zvidimbu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira shrinkage-kuderedza admixtures uye alkali-silica reactivity inhibitors. Kuora-kubvisa admixtures hazvibatsiri pane simba pamazuva ekupedzisira asi kunowedzera kukurumidza kusimba kwesimba. Calcium nitrite based corrosion inhibitors inokurumidza kuisa nguva yekugadzirisa maitiro ekuporesa zvakanyanya kunze kwekuti iyo yakagadzirirwa necheteredzwa yekugadzirisa kukanganisa kuwedzerwa kwechiitiko.