Federal Consumer Protection Laws
Mitemo yakawanda yemitemo yekuchengetedza vatengi yakasikwa kuti ikurudzire kutengeserana kwakanaka kana kugadziriswa kwemagetsi Mitemo yehurumende yekutengeserana yepamutemo inosimbiswa ne Federal Federal Commission (FTC). Mitemo yenyika inochengetedza mitemo inomanikidzwa neCommumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
Mitemo Yekutengeserana Yakanaka
Sangano reBritain Trade Commission nderokusimudzira makwikwi uye kudzivirira vatengi kubva pamabasa asina kururama, kunyengedza kana kunyengera mumusika. IFTC inokura mutemo, inoita tsvakurudzo, uye inobvunza makambani anotyora mutemo.
Mutemo weBurumende unorambidza kushandiswa kwekutengesa kusina nhema kana kutsausa vatengi. Heano mimwe mienzaniso yezviito nemabhizimisi anoputsa mitemo yezvematongerwo enyika.
- Muumbi wehuni anotaura kuti zvigadzirwa zvayo zvose "zvakagadzirwa muAmerica." Kutaura zvazviri, kambani haina kuita nekugadzira kana kereke muUnited States sezvo zvese zvayo zvinogadzirwa muChina.
- Imwe kambani inotengesa zvidzidzo zvepaIndaneti, ichivimbisa kuti vadzidzi vanozadzisa purogiramu yavo vachawana "hurumende" yepamusoro diploma yechikoro. Dhipoloma haibatsiri sezvo isingasviki zvinodiwa zvehurumende ipi zvayo.
- Mushandi wezvokudya zvinowedzera zvinoshambadza kuora kwechigadzirwa, achitaura kuti chigadzirwa chacho chave chichiratidza kubudirira kuburikidza nokuedza kwakasimba. Muzvokwadi, chigadzirwa hachina kumboongororwa.
Kana iyo FTC inogamuchira kunyunyuta iyo kambani inoputsa mutemo webhizimisi, ichaita upfurudzo. Kana ichi chirevo chekuti mutemo waputsika, unogona kutora urongwa hwekubvumidza uchikumbira kambani kuti izvidirire kusiya tsika dzisiri pamutemo. Kana ikambani ikaramba, FTC inogona kukumbira kutongerwa mutemo pamberi pemutongi wemitemo. Kana mutongi achibvumirana neFTC kuti mutemo wakaputsika, iye anogona kupa ruregerero uye kurongeka. Bhizimisi rinotyora chirongwa cheFTC chinogona kuiswa pasi pechirango kana kushandiswa nemirairo.
Product Safety Laws
Mabhizimusi anoita zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kuvanhu vose vanofanira kutevera mitemo nemirairo yakagadzirwa neCommumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). ICPSC inogadzira zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwemiti, zvinokonzerwa nechigadzirwa, kugadzirisa kuchengetedzwa kwemiti, uye kunorambidzwa zvinhu zvinowona zvinokuvadza. Iri sangano rinotarisira vose vashandisi zvigadzirwa kunze kwepfuti, zvinodhaka, uye zvimwe zvimwe zvinhu zvinotungamirirwa nerimwe sangano.
Kana iyo CPSC inofunga kuti chimwe chigadzirwa chinokanganisa vanhu, chinogona kupa chiito chekuita basa. Muiti wezvigadzirwa achadikanwa kuzivisa vanhu nezve ngozi uye kubvisa chigadzirwa kubva pamusika.
Inogonawo kuva pasi pechirango.
CPSC kuchengetedza zvinogona kuve kuvhiringidza kune vadzimai vemazinesi maduku. Nokudaro, sangano rakagadzira Small Business Ombudsman kubatsira mashomanana makambani kunzwisisa kuti ndeipi mitemo yekuchengetedza inoshanda kwavari.
State Consumer Protection Laws
Zvinenge zvese zvese zvakagadza mitemo inorambidza kusaruramisira nekunyengedza maitiro nebhizimisi rinopesana nevatengi. Mitemo iyi inowanzonzi mitemo yeDAP uye inomanikidzirwa nehurumende maitiro ehurumende. Chimiro chemurairo weDAP ndecheMutemo Wisina Mhosva Wechigadziro Chekuita, unodzivirira vanotengesa bhizinishuwarenzi kubva pamabasa asina kururama nevanishuwarenzi mukugadzirisa kwekutsvaga.
Mitemo yakawanda yePAD inobvumira vatengi kuti vasunge bhizimusi kana vakatenga, vakashanda kana kuti vakashandisa zvinhu kana mazano kubva mubhizinesi iroro uye vakakuvara nekuda kwechiito chisina kururama kana chinonyengera.
Vatongi vanogona kupomera bhizinesi nokuda kwekukuvadza uye kubhadhara mari. Nhepfenyuro yehurumende-ye-state yemitemo yeDAP inowanikwa pawebsite ye National Consumer Law Center.
Mienzaniso yeMabasa Anopesana UDAP Mabasa
Heano mienzaniso yezviito zvakagadzirwa nemabhizimisi anogona kukanganisa zviitiko zveDAP zvakaitwa.
- Imwe motengesi yemotokari inoshandiswa inoudza mutengi kuti motokari iri mumunda wayo haina kumbobvira yaitika pangozi uye iri mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Muzvokwadi, motokari imodhoro yekuchengetedza yakagadzikana.
- Sangano rinopa mudzimba chikwata chekambani chekambani uye nheyo yehutano yemhosva yake yepamusoro uye yevashandi reparamisi yehutano. Zvose nhamba idzi dzakanganisa sezvo kontrakta isina cheisi kana inshuwarisi.
- Mushandi webhizimisi rokugadzira kombiyuta inoudza mutengi kuti yese yefaira pa laptop yake ine utachiwana hwehutachiona. Anoita kuti mutengi atore mari $ 150 nokuda kwe "super" anti-viral software. Iyo yekugadzira kombiyuta inoziva inoziva kuti mutengi wepuraipi haane utachiona.
Warranty Product
Zvizhinji zvebhizimisi dzinoita zvigadzirwa zvinopa waranti kune vatengi. Chirango ichi ndicho chivimbiso. Inotsanangura izvo muiti achaita kana chigadzirwa chacho chakakanganisika. Zviyeuchidzo zvinogona kunge zvichiratidza (zvakanyorwa kana muromo) kana zvinoreva. Mutemo weGurumende unotonga zvibvumirano zvakanyorwa apo mitemo yehurumende inotonga inoreva mavimbiso.
Zvakanyorwa Zviratidzo
Mutemo weBurumende haudi kuti vatadzi vape waranti yakanyorwa. Zvisinei, kana vashandi vanosarudza kupa imwe, waranti inofanira kusangana nehurumende. Kutanga, kuwanda kwechirango (chakakwana kana chakakwana) chinofanira kutsanangurwa zvakajeka. Mukuwedzera, waranti inofanira kuva nyore kunzwisisa uye inowanika nyore panguva iyo chigadzirwa chacho chatengwa. Mabhizimisi angasungirirwa nevatengi pakuburitsa mavimbiso emanyepo kana kuti ekukundikana kuzadzisa zvavanosungirwa pasi pechirango.
Zvinoratidzwa Mazano
Apo mugadziri akatengesa chinhu kune mutengi, inowanzopa zvikwereti zviviri zvinoreva:
- Merchantability . Muiti anogadza kuti chigadzirwa hachisi chakakanganisika uye kuti chichaita izvo zvinofanirwa kuitwa. Semuenzaniso, simbi yemvere inopisa mweya unopisa.
- Kurapa Kwechinangwa Chaicho . Muiti anogadza kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakakodzeri chinangwa chaicho chakatengeswa. Semuenzaniso, mutengi anotenga mufananidzo wekuchenesa wa Model X nokuti mutengesi anovimbisa kuti ichayamwisa vhudzi bvudzi.
Muiti anogona kugadziriswa nemutengesi wekutengesa kuburikidza nekuputsa kwechirongwa chinoreva. Vakawanda vanoti vanotora mutemo wepfupi (wemakore mana) wezvikwereti pamatare edzimhosva zvichienderana nokuputsa kwechirango (kana zvichitaura kana zvinoreva).