Vakatakura vatengesi vese muUnited States vanopa miviri yebasa, Full Truckload (FTL) service kana Less Than Truckload (LTL).
Kunyange zvazvo FTL inotakura izere zvizere kana matori eimwe chigadzirwa kubva kune mumwe mutengi, mutoro weLLL anotengesa zvinhu kubva kune vamwe vatengi vakasiyana pane imwe motori. Mutero weLLL unopa vatengi mari inonyanya kushandisa nzira yekutengesa zvinhu kunze kweFTL.
Nzira yeLLL Inoshanda sei
Munharaunda yega, mutengesi weLLL ane motokari dzinoverengeka dzinotakura zvinotengeswa kubva kune vatengi. Mushure mokupedza kuunganidza zuva rega rega, zvinyorwa zvinotorwa kune chitubu chemotokari apo motokari dzinodonhedzwa.
Chimwe nechimwe chinotarwa chinoremerwa uye chakaverengwa icho chinobvumira vatengi vemari kuti vagadziriswe. Izvo zvinotengeswa zvinotakurwa mumotokari inopera inotakura zvinotengeswa kubva kune vamwe vatengi vanoenda kunzvimbo imwechete.
Izvo zvinotengeswa zvinotakurwa kunzvimbo dzakakodzera dzedunhu, apo dzinosunurwa. Izvo zvinotengeswa zvinosarudzwa uye zvinowanikwa pamotokari dzemunharaunda yekuendesa. Chimwe nechimwe chinotengeswa chinotarisirwa kazhinji kubva panguva iyo inotorwa kubva kune mutengi kusvikira yava kusvika pakupedzisira kwayo.
Makomborero eLL Carriers
Chinhu chikuru chekushandisa kushandisa LTL mutakuri inodhura. Mutengo wekutumira kutumira uchishandisa LTL panzvimbo yeFTL mutakuri inonyanya kuderera. VaLLL vanotarisana nepapele carrier, avo kazhinji havazobvumi kutengesa kwemapirogiramu anopfuura 70 kusvika ku100 muhukuru.
Uyu makwikwi anopa kazhinji anoguma muLLL vatakuri vanopa zviduku zvakaderera pamapirundi kupfuura pepa vatakuri.
Nhoroondo yeLLL Carriers
Hurumende yeUnited States yakatanga kutonga mabhizimisi emotokari muna 1935 pasi pekutungamirirwa kweInstate Commerce Commission (ICC). Bhuku reMotor Carrier Act ra1935 raida kuti vatori vemotokari vatsva vatsvake "chiziviso chevanhu vari nyore uye zvinodiwa" kubva kuCIC.
Chiito chacho chaida kuti motokari dzinotakura motokari dzayo dzifambise mitero yavo neCCC mazuva makumi matatu vasati vashanda. Iko mari yekutengesa yakanga yavapo panguva iyo kuti ionekwe nemunhu wese anofarira. Mutengo unogona kuve wakatarisana nedambudziko nemumwe mutakuri kana motokari inogona kutungamirira kusimirirwa kwekutengesa kusvikira kuongorora kuchiitwa.
Muna 1948, pasinei nechisarudzo kubva kuna Mutungamiri Truman, Congress yakabvumira vatakuri kugadzirisa mitengo uye vanovabvumira kuti vasasunungurwe kubva kune chero mitemo inopikisa. Kwemakore makumi matatu anotevera, mutambo wacho wakadzima zvachose sezvo ICC yakaramba kushandiswa kubva kune vatsva vatsva.
Imwe nyanzvi yakatanga kuchinja mumakore ekutanga kwema1970 apo yekutanga iyo Nixon, ipapo hurumende yeF Ford neCarter dzakagadzirisa mabasa akawanda ekuderedza kugadziriswa kwemitengo uye pamwe chete vatengesi vemari. Chikamu chekupedzisira chekuregererwa kwaiva ye Motor Motor Act Act ye 1980.
Mhedzisiro yemutemo mutsva yakaguma nemakwikwi emakwikwi emakwikwi uye emiganhu yakaderera yezvikwereti, pamwe nezviuru zvezvitsva zvisingabhadhari, zvisina kubatana zvinopinda mumusika.
Pakazosvika 1977 na1982, chiyero cheLLL chikawa chakawira kusvika 20%. Dhizimusi remabhizimisi rakashanduka mushure mekuregererwa. Nhamba yevatakuri yakapetwa kaviri pakati pe1980 na1990, ine vanopfuura 40,000 vatakuri vekuAmerica. Nhengo yehurumende yakawira zvakanyanya pakati pa1980 ne1985, ichiderera kubva pa60 kusvika kune 28%.
Current Conditions
Kuchinja mutemo kwakazarura chikwata ichi kusvika kumakwikwi asi zvino nhamba yevatakuri yakanyanya kuderera kudarika makore mushure mekuregererwa. Misika yeLLL inofungidzirwa paine madhora $ 30 Bhiriyoni, asi iye zvino, kune kuwandisa kwepamusoro, iyo inogona kuva yakakwirira se 15%. Izvi, zvinosanganiswa nehupfumi hwenhepfenyuro, zvichange zvisingatauri kutungamirira kune vamwe vatakuri vanotsvaka shungu dzeChitsauko 11 chinotungamirira kune kurasikirwa kwebasa mubatanidzwa uye kusina kubatana.