Nei Battery Storage Ichikosha Saka?
Yakachena, inogonazve kushandiswa magetsi inodiwa kuti ibatsire kusimbisa hurumende yakasimba. Vanofanira kushandura kutaridzika kwedu kwezvino kune zvimwe zvinetso zvinotyisa zvemasimba zvakadai samafuta, gasi chaiwo uye uranium. Dambudziko nemasimba anowanzogadziriswa akadaro ndeokuti vangave vasina kubudiswa panguva iyo inonyanya kudiwa-panguva dzenguva yepamusoro simba rinoda.
Kusika kwesimba kubva kune zvakadaro kunobva pane zvakatipoteredza. Simba remhepo rinobatanidzwa kana riine mhepo, uye zvisikwa zvezuva zvinoshandiswa nezuva. Matambudziko akadaro anoda sarudzo yekuchengetedza yakadai se lithiamu -ion mabheteri. Vanoita kuti simba rekugadzirisa simba rigone kushandiswa kusvikira raidiwa.
Maererano naRam Ramachander, Chief Digital Officer & Chief Commercial Officer yeSocial Innovation Business, paHitachi Europe, kukosha kwekutakura mabheti kune mbiri:
"Zvinoshandisa chinangwa chekutanga, chinotungamirira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvekugadziriswa kwemhepo, asi panguva imwecheteyo kuzarura mukova wokuita mari yevashandi. , tinogona kutarisira kugara kwekuchengetwa kwekuchengetedza kuti ive chinhu chakabatanidzwa uye chinokosha chezvinhu zvose zvinogona kushandiswa zvine simba. "
Ramachander anoona ramangwana apo "prosumers" (mumwe munhu anogadzira simba / vashandi) vachagadzira imwe nzira yekuchengetedza magetsi, achivabvumira kuwana mari yakawanda yekuchengetedza, uye vachivabvumira kuti vawane mari kuburikidza nokutengesa simba rinopfuura kumashure gridhi.
Iko Ino State State Battery Storage
Mari inoshandiswa ne lithiamu-ion betri yakaramba ichiwa.
Elon Musk weTesla anotenda kuti lithium-ion batari mari ichasvika ku $ 100 / KWh na2020, kubva pamutengo we $ 1 000 chete munguva ichangopfuura muna 2010. Mishonga yeBloomberg bhetori yekuchengetedza inofanira kuderera pasi pe $ 50 ne2030. Ikozvino mari iri mu $ 200 maruva. Sezvo mari yacho inodonha, dzimwe nzvimbo dzinopa simba dzichava dzichikwikwidzana nemishonga yemagetsi.
Kuwedzera kwekudiwa kwebheteri yekuchengetedza kunogona kushandiswa nehurumende yehurumende, iyo inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa uye kuwira kwekutengo. Dzimwe nyika dzakatora kuchengetedza magwaro nemitemo, kusanganisira California, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey uye Oregon. Federally, 30% yeInvestment Tax Credit ichiripo kuwanika kwekutsvaga mune simba rekuchengetedza simba, kwenguva yakareba iyo inosanganiswa nezvekugadziriswa kwesimba rekugadzira purogiramu. California inotora chirongwa chinotyisa zvikuru kuti chivepo, ichida 33 kubva muzana emasimba kubva kune zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa zvakare muna 2020, uye 50 muzana kusvika 2030.
Lithium yekushandisa inotarisirwa kuwedzera 42 muzana pakati pe 2017 na2020, inotungamirirwa nekuwedzera kwebheteri. Mutengo unowedzera munguva iri pedyo inotarisirwa kuteverwa nekuderera kubva muna 2019 zvichienda mberi sekuti lithiamu inowanda inowedzera.
Bhatiri yekugadzirwa kunonyanya kutendeseka kune cobalt uye nickel. Cobalt mitengo yakapetwa kaviri pakati pe 2016 ne 2017, ine lithium-ion bateri inokonzera kukonzera 49 muzana yezvokuda muna 2017. Inofanirwa kukura kusvika 61 muzana muna 2022.
Kukura kwemotokari yemagetsi (EV) kubudiswa kunotya lithiamu-ion batteri yekugadzira. EV izvozvino zvinongogadzira zvishoma 1 muzana yemotokari dzose, asi izvo zvichachinja nokukurumidza. Maererano neMcKinsey & Company, chikamu cheEV chemotokari yemotokari yemotokari inogona kusvika 20 muzana kusvika 2030.
Tesla yakarondedzera basa rayo sokukurudzira kuchinja kwenyika yose kune simba risingaperi kuburikidza ne "motokari dzinotengesa motokari dzemagetsi nemishonga yemagetsi." Kutsigira chinangwa chayo chokugadzira mamiriyoni emotokari motokari gore ra2018, Tesla, pamwe nekubatana naPanasonic, akasika Gigafactory bhetri production plant in Nevada.
Panasonic, gurukota guru rezvemiti reteriyo, iro rakasimbiswa muna March 2018 rakanga ratanga kushandiswa kune imwe mishonga $ 400 mamiriyoni muChina. CATL, kana Contemporary Amperex Technology, mumakwikwi mu lithiamu-ion battery space, akazivisawo chinangwa chayo chokuvaka chigamba chikuru muChina. Kugadziriswa kweprojekiti kwaizowedzera kukwanisa kwema 50 gigawatt-maawa kusvika 2020, zvichienderana neGWh 35 yemabhatiri akabudiswa paTestla's Gigafactory.
Ramangwana Rakanaka Rokuchengetedza Mabhatriti?
Kuchengetedza mabhetri kunopa sarudzo yakasimba yekuchengetedza masipiro ekugoverana emagetsi anowanzobatanidzwa nesimba rekugadziriswa. Mari inoderedza sezvo kuwedzera kwekugadzira, uye vanopa tariro yenguva yemberi inosungirwa kuchenesa simba rinogona kushandiswa.
Pachava nematambudziko ekugadzirisa, asi. Nekukohwa kweEV kunowedzera makumi matatu ne2030, lithium inoda kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Pasi rine zvinhu zvakakura zvemitemo, asi mamwe migodi achadikanwa kuti aende paIndaneti nokukurumidza. Imwe yimbi yakakosha inoshandiswa mu lithiamu-ion betri yekushandiswa cobalt. Somuenzaniso, smartphone inowanzo ine 1 gramu ye lithiamu uye 8 gm e cobalt. Zvinopfuura makumi mana kubva muzana zvemigodhi yekodalt yakave yakashandiswa ne lithiamu-ion batengesi yemari, kunyange zvazvo EV yek Market ichiri duku. Ne motokari imwe neimwe yemagetsi inoda 10kg ye cobalt, kukurumidza kukura kwekugadzira zvinoreva kuti cobalt inoda kuwedzera zvakanyanya.
Pasinei nekunetseka kwakadaro, kusanganiswa kwesimba rekugadziriswa uye mabheji kuchengetedza kunoita sarudzo yakanakisisa inoenda mberi kuti ibvise kusvibiswa kwekugadzira magetsi.