Aristotle 3 Zvikamu zveRhetoric uye Aina dzeDhiyabhorosi

Chirongwa Chakanaka Pakati Pevanhu

Vanyori vezvematongerwo enyika uye vanozivikanwa vakaona mabasa avo achiparara uye kupisa nokutaura chinhu chisina kunaka panguva isina kunaka kana kunyange nekuedza kutaura chinhu chakanaka asi kusarudza mazwi asina kururama. Kunyangwe zvikanganiso izvozvo zvinogona kukuvadza mabasa, mazwi akanaka anogona kuita kuti zvisingazivikanwi zvive munyika mukurumbira. Barack Obama aive akazivikanwe senenator yenyika asati apa hurukuro isingakanganwiki muna 2004 Democratic National Convention.

Makore mana gare gare, akasarudzwa mutungamiri wenyika.

Rhetoric inopa vanhu vakawanda zvikwangwani zvekudzivisa kukanganisa uye kubudirira mumatare. Aristotle, Plato, nemamwe mafungiro makuru echiGiriki ndivo vadzidzi vanonyanya kuzivikanwa mukunyora. Mifungiro inoratidzwa nevatenzi ava vekare ndiyo nheyo yekuburitsa mabhodhi evanhu vose vemazuva ano uye hukama hwehupfumi hwevanhu hunofanira kuuya kune chero basa, pasinei nokuzivisa bhuku rekushanyira kana kushandura mashandiro ekudhinda yeVhite House campaign.

Aristotle akaronga unyanzvi hwekunyora muzvikamu zvitatu:

• Ethos ndeyekuti unhu hwako sehurukuro kana munyori hunovhiringidza sei vateereri. Semuenzaniso, iwe uchange uchitaura zvakanyanya kukurudzira vateereri vako kuti vashandure kune zvikwereti zvekutengesa zvekare zvakare uye kuderedza kana kubvisa kushandiswa kwavo kwepurasitiki kana iwe ukagona kugadzirisa unyanzvi hwako panyaya. Kana iwe uri nyanzvi yehupenyu iyo inodzidza kukanganisa kwepurasitiki yakarasikirwa pamhuka dzesango, izvi zvichabatsira kusimbisa kuvimbika nevateereri. Iwewo unogona kurondedzera pamusoro pehuwandu hwezuva nezuva nekugovana mienzaniso yako pachayo yekuti kushandura kugadziriswa mabhegi kwakakanganisa tsika dzako dzekutenga.

• Pathos ndiyo manzwiro anoita manzwiro ekutaura uye nharo. Kutevera muenzaniso wakafanana, iwe ungatanga kutaura kwako nekuratidza vateereri vako kukanganiswa kwemabhegi epurasitiki mumasango. Mifananidzo uye tsanangudzo yemhuka huru mushure mekupedza masaga kana mhuka mishoma dzinobatwa kana kuti dzakaputika mazviri zvinogona kukanganisa vateereri vako uye zvichida kuvakurudzira kuti vachinje tsika dzavo.

• Logos ndiyo nzira yaunogadzira nharo uye kushandiswa kwemagariro. Cherechedza kurongeka kwaunoita nayo ruzivo rwemuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa. Kutanga, kuratidza vateereri vako kuti sei iwe uri nyanzvi yehurukuro. Zvadaro, taurirai manzwiro avo uye uvimbisei kuti pane dambudziko. Pakupedzisira, varatidze kune mhinduro inoshanda uye kuti vanogona kuva chikamu chei.

Akaratidzawo zvitatu zvemakwikwi :

• Kare, kana maitiro ehurumende, ane hanya nokuziva chokwadi uye kupa mhosva kana mhosva. Muchirevo chekukakavadzana kwezvematongerwe enyika, izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mubatsiri kubva kune rimwe bato rezvematongerwe enyika rinopikisa kuti, somuenzaniso, hupfumi hushoma huri kukanganisa kwemitemo yakagadziriswa munguva yakapfuura nemuvengi wake kana kuti sangano rake rezvematongerwo enyika.

• Mharidzo inofanirwa nehutsika, kurumbidzwa uye mhosva, uye chakarurama uye chakaipa. Iyi nzira inogona kusanganisira mubatsiri kubva pamuenzaniso wepamusoro pamusoro pekukakavadzana kuti ndiye munhu akakodzera kugadzirisa hupfumi nekuti iye ndiye ane hanya zvikuru nezvakanakisisa zvezvikamu zvake. Anogonawo kumupikisa muvengi wake kuti ave nehanya nekunze kwezvinhu zvinopesana, zvakadai sevashandi vehurumende, kunze kwevakasarudzwa.

• Ramangwana riri nemaune uye rinotarisa pakuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pezvinozoita mune ramangwana. Pano, mukana wacho anobudisa mhinduro yake. Anotsanangura urongwa hwake uye anotsanangura kuti nei iri ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuvandudza hupfumi.