Dzakawanda Zvivako Zvokuvaka Pasi Pasi
Pasi pane gumi zvemazano makuru ekuvakisa kwenyika, kubva kumakwikwi ehurumende, madhamasi, kumigwagwa yepasi uye kumabhizimisi kumakambani kune International Space Station pamwe nemafungiro avo anofungidzirwa. Zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvinonakidzwa zvikuru, zvakadai seGedhi reZa Hadid rakashamisa 1 muBeijing's International Airport; vamwe, vakadai saSellafield huru yekugadzirisa nyukireya muEngland, vanonyadziswa zvikuru.
01 - Al Maktoum Airport, Dubai
Charles Bowman Dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamusoro dzisingakugadziri kuti uone kuA Dubai's Al Maktoum International Airport, iyo inowedzera kudarika makiromita makumi matanhatu emakiromita. Yakarongwa kuti ipedzwe muna 2018, nzvimbo yacho yakagadzirirwa kutakura ndege mazana maviri-muviri panguva imwe. Chikamu chechipiri chekufambira mberi kwechikwata chacho chiri chega chakafungidzirwa mari inodarika madhora 32 biliyoni.
Iyi makore makumi maviri nemakumi maviri emakore ekugadzirwa kweguta rekugadzirwa kwemabhizimisi yakatanga chikamu chechipiri muna 2014 ine $ 11 bhiriyoni kuwedzerwa. Kana yapera, inenge iine zana yemashamba emagetsi, 800,000 cubic mamita dealination plant, makiromita ezvitima, migwagwa uye migwagwa, uye mafuta kunatswa kunogadzira zvinenge 350 000 mabharari pazuva. Izvo zvose basa rinorongwa kuti ripedzwe muna 2024. Walt Disney World inogona kukwana katatu mukati mekuoma uku. Ne makiromita makiromita 278, $ 64 biliyoni Dubailand ichava nezvikamu zvitanhatu: zvinyorwa zvemashizha, nzvimbo dzemitambo, eco-tourism, zvivako zvehutano, zviwanikwa zvezesayenzi, uye mahotera. Ichavawo nehotera yepasi pose yakakura ine 6 500 makamuri uye mamiriyoni gumi square square mall. Iyo purogiramu yakarongerwa kupedzisa i2025. 04 - International Space Station, Space
II ISS inotenderera pasi rese maminetsi 92. Yakagadzirwa nehurumende yemarudzi gumi nemashanu uye nhengo dzepa 5 space, ISS yakaronga mari yekuvaka inodarika $ 60 biliyoni. Izvozvo zvinokonzerwa nechinzvimbo chechivako uye zvakarondedzerwa zvayo zvinogona kudarika $ 1 trillion, iyo iyo inogona kuva nzvimbo yekugarisa kusvika mamirioni imwe kubva kune vanhu vanogara pasi.
05 - South-to-North Water Transfer Project, China
Nechokumaodzanyemba kweChina kune misha inenge 50 muzana yevanhu veChina asi ine 20% chete yemvura yenyika ino. Kuti kugadzirise kusawirirana uku, China yakabhadhara mari yekuvaka migwagwa mikuru mikuru, imwe neimwe kupfuura makiromita mazana matanhatu kureba uye kutakura mvura kuchamhembe kubva kuRwizi zvitatu nzizi huru. Iyo purogiramu ine hurongwa hwekuvaka makore makumi mana. Kana yakapera ichapa mabhiriyoni makumi mana emakiromita emvura gore negore. 06 - London Crossrail Project
Pasi pevhu pasi pevhu rinoramba richikura, kuwedzera makiromita makumi maviri emugwagwa unosangana zvivako makumi mana. Inofungidzirwa mari yekuvaka iri $ 23 biliyoni. Iyo chirongwa ichigadzirirwa kupedzisa muzvikamu, neyokutanga nzira itsva yekuenda kushumiro muna 2018 uye zvose zvinosara mumasangano ne2020. 07 - Nhatu Gorges Dam, China
Dhamu rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose rakareba makiromita nehafu uye anenge makumi matanhatu nenyaya dzakakwirira. Imari ye $ 59 mabhiriyoni yeYangtze River yakagadzirwa uye yakashandirwa mubasa muna 2003. Zvizhinji zvekuvaka zvivako zvekuvaka zvakagadzirisa, asi matatu Gorges yakanyanya kutsoropodzwa nekuda kwevanhu vanenge 1.5 mamiriyoni uye kuparadza mazana emakiromita emapurazi anokwanisa. Chizvarwa chayo chemagetsi chinokwana huwandu hunopfuura hupamhi kupfuura Hoover Dam, asi ichiripo chete inopa zviviri kana zvitatu zveChina zve 2016 simba rinoda. 08 - Sellafield Nuclear Site, England
Kuvhara maekare mazana manomwe, iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kwekukanda kwenyika yenyukireya. ine mari yekuvaka inopfuura $ 15 bhiriyoni. Imwe yemabasa ayo ekutanga ndeyekudzorera Magnox, mafuta enyukireya, kubva kuzvitoro zvekukanda zveku UK. Hazvishamisi kuti nzvimbo yacho ine vashandi vayo, pakati pavo, New Scientist, bhuku rinopesana nekutsvaga nyukiliya, iro rakati "matongo makuru ezvakavanzika sludge" nezvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kuparadza, zvinoreva kuti vatungamiri vaSellafield vanopikisana. 09 - Beijing Airport, China
Beijing International Airport ichapedzisira ichidarika Dubai yeAlk Maktoum Airport inotengeswa, iyo yakareba makiromita makiromita, uye vanofambisa uye vanogona kukwira ndege. Chikamu chekutanga chebhurakiti chengarava chakapedzwa munguva yeOlympiad ya2008. Kuwedzera kwekuwedzerwa kwakarongerwa kupedziswa muna 2025. Terminal 1, yakagadzirwa naZaha Hadid, inosanganisira nhamba yakagadziriswa yekugadzirisa mazano mumasvipiti emangwana. 10 - Guru Guru-Made-Made River Project, Libya
Libya iri kushanda pa "Great River Made-Made" (GMR) kubvira muna 1985. Ndiyo basa guru rekudiridza munyika. Kana wapedza, ichadiridza zvinodarika 350,000 mahekita evhu rakasvibiswa uye ichawedzera zvakanyanya mvura inonwiwa inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzeRibhiya kumaguta. Mvura inogadziriswa yeprojekti iyi iri pasi peNubian Sandstone Aquifer System. Icho chirongwa chinorongwa kuti chipedzwe muna 2030. Zvakaipa Zvakakosha?
Zvizhinji zvezvirongwa zvikuru zvekuvaka zvinoshamiswa nekutya kwavo zvisati zvamboitika, asi zvakare zvinotaridzirwa nekunetseka. Apo dhamu rinopa huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi ekuwedzera China, asi inoendesa mamiriyoni nehafu muChinese uye inoparadza zviuru zvemahekari emapurazi, ndeyoyo yose inoguma yakanaka kana yakaipa here? Zvisingaitiki, mapurogiramu ezvigadzirwa zvemadhora mabhiriyoni emadhora ane migumisiro yemagariro.