Zvichida muenzaniso mukuru webhizimisi Brick uye Mortar ndeyeWal-Mart, mutengesi wepamarudzi akawanda ane mabhuku anopfuura 4000 munyika 28.
Chimiro cheWal-Mart Supercenter chinosvika mazana maviri nemazana mana emakumbo mana. Wal-Mart ane vashandi vanopfuura mamiriyoni maviri pasi pose uye vanodarika madhora mazana mana emadhora mabhizimusi mune zvekutengesa gore negore Mukuwedzera pakuva mutengesi mukuru munyika, muUnited States Wal-Mart ndiye mutengesi mukuru wezvokudya, wechipiri mukuru muzvitengesi, uye wechitatu pakukura mune zvemishonga inotengesa.
The Demise of Shopping Malls
Zvivako zvekutengesa ndizvo zvinonyanya kuonekwa zve "brick uye mortar" zvekutengesa. Nekuvakwa kwemugwagwa mukuru wemugwagwa mukati mema1950, zvivako zvikuru zvakatanga kutengesa meccas kune mamiriyoni evanhu vepakati-vatengi vatengi muUnited States.
Pakutanga, dhipatimendi guru rezvitoro nemaketani emunyika zvakagadzirisa zvivako, mushure mekunyanya kushandiswa zvakadai seImba Dotot, Best Buy, etc. Kufamba-mune nzvimbo yekutengesa pakupedzisira yakazosvika panzvimbo yekusimudza mumakore ekutanga kwema 2000 muU.S. nzvimbo yekutengesa nemunhu - wepamusoro-soro wakanga uri UK, ane 9 makumbo mana pamunhu.
Mutariri weDall Howard Davidowitz anofanotaura kuti zhinji yehafu yeAmerica 1200 mitsuwa yekutsvaga ichavhara mukati memakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri.
Kubuda kweAmazon
Kunze kwekuwedzerwa kwekufamba-mukutengesa, kusvika kwevashandi vekutengesa vashandisi vakapinda mukati memaitiro akawanda emabhizimisi ezvitini uye matope, zvakadai sebhengi, magetsi, mabhuku-kutengesa, uye zvakanyanya zvakaoma-zvekutengesa zvekutengesa.
Muenzaniso unonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeweAmazambique, uyo wakatanga semabhuku ekutengesa mabhuku munaInternet muna 1994 uye sa2015 ine chikamu che 75% chikamu chemusika chekutengesa ebook uye 50% mabhuku ose anotengeswa paIndaneti. Bhuku guru rekuchengetera mabhuku rakave rakanyanya kukuvadzwa nekutonga kweAmazon - Makoronga akaiswa mubhadhadzi muna 2011 achisiya Barnes & Noble seye chete akasara guru guru rekutengesa mabhuku kuUnited States. Amazon inokwikwidza zvikuru muzvikamu zvakawanda zvekutengesa nemabhizimisi ezvitini uye matope zvakadai saWal-Mart, Target, uye Best Buy, uye inotarisirwa kugunhura $ 100 mabhiriyoni mukutengesa muna 2015.
Zvinofanira kucherechedza kuti nepo Amazon inenge iri mutengesi chaiyo inochengetedza zvivako zvakakura zvezvivako uye zvevhu, zvinosanganisira dzinopfuura 150 zvivako zvekugadzira nzvimbo kumativi ose enyika, kusarudza kugadzirisa, kutakura, uye kudzoka kwemitengo inotengeswa paIndaneti. Muna 2015, Amazon yakazarura kufamba kwayo-muchitoro chezvokutengesa zvekutengesa uye kuregera pamusasa wePurdue University.
Kwete Bhizimisi Rese Rinogona Kuenda Virtual
Mabhizimisi anonzi Virtual akavewo ane chikamu chekukundikana kunoshamisa apo achiedza kupinda mune dzimwe misika yemitengesi yekutengesa. Kutenga zvekutsvaga paIndaneti ndiyo muenzaniso wakanaka - panguva ye dot-com boom yema1990, pakanga paine miedzo yekuedza kutanga kupinda mumusika wekutengesa kuburikidza nekutengesa kuInternet.
Mukurumbira weiyi ndeweWebvan, iyo yakakanganiswa muna 2001 mushure mekukoshesa kudarika madhora mazana mana emadhora mabhiriyoni emadhora panguva yakatanga kupiwa vanhu (IPO) muna 1999.
Mukuonazve, kusakunda kwekutengeserana kwekutengeserana kwemaInternet kwakanga kusinganzwisisiki uye kunoratidzira kukanganisa kukuru kwekutengesa kwekuda-kudiwa kwekuongorora chigadzirwa mumunhu asati aita kutenga. Vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza kuongorora zvibereko zvavo, nyama, nezvimwe zvekuvandudzwa uye kugurwa vasati vatenga.
Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sezvipfeko kana zvemagetsi vashandi vanogadzirisa kazhinji vanoongorora chigadzirwa muchitoro chezvitoro vasati varaira paIndaneti (kuratidza kuonekwa) uye kushandisa micheka yakaderera inopiwa nevatengi vakadai seAmazon vasina hurumende yekuchengetedza nzvimbo yekutengesa.
Kunyange zvazvo uine hukuru uye huri kukura huripo muIndaneti vakawanda vatengesi vakawanda vakadai seWal-Mart, Target, Home Depot, nezvimwewo.
ichiri kuita kuti huwandu hwavo hwekutengesa kwavo kubva kune zvidhinha zvavo uye matope. Muna 2014 kutengeserana kwekutengeserana kwakaitwa 2.5% chete yeWal-Mart yekutengesa kwema $ 482 mabhiriyoni.
Mune mamwe maindasitiri akaita sebhangi, vashandi vakawanda vanosarudza kuita bhizimisi ravo paIndaneti. Zvisinei, mhando dzakawanda dzekutengeserana dzakadai semabasa ekubhadhara chikwereti uye mazano ezvemari anobatsirwa nekubatana chiso nechiso uye achiri kuendeswa kuburikidza nebazi rebazi.