Tose tinogona kudzidza kubva kuna Walt Disney, mutengesi.
Walt Disney yakakurumbira pakuumba chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa munyika, Disney, asi vashomanana vanoziva zvakawanda pamusoro pomunhu ari shure kweMichawi Kingdom, asingatauri mazana emakatekiti ane mifananidzo, zvisingaverengeki mafirimu uye mawere asingagumi ane zita rake .
Imwe nyanzvi inoita zvekutengesa uye muzvinabhizimusi pakati pezana remakore rechi20, Walt Disney akafamba kubva pakushongedza rabbit (hongu, mbira) kuti aite umambo huri mabhiriyoni emadhora.
Makore Ekutanga aWalt Disney:
Disney akaberekwa muna 1901 muChicago uye akanga ari anonyanya kufarira kubva muzera remakore. Pa16, akanyora muRed Cross uye akashanda muHondo Yenyika I, achityaira ambulensi yaakagadzira nemifananidzo yake yemifananidzo. Paakadzoka, akashanda semushambadziri wemifananidzo muKansas City, Missouri, asi izvi zvakashungurudza nokukurumidza.
Disney akabva asarudza kuenda kuCalifornia, kwaakatanga kushanda nemukoma wake, Roy. Walt akabata zvisikwa zvekubatana, asi Roy akafunga nezvebhizimisi uye kuguma kwemari. Hama dzaDecney dzakakwereta mari shomanana, dzakagadzira studio mugaraji rababamunini, uye yakaita ruzha nemhando dzakawanda dzemavara-mutsvuku nemucherechedzi ainzi Oswald, zvaakagadzirira Universal Studios. Apo Walt akakumbira Universal kuti asimudzire, zvakadaro, ivo vakanyarara. Sezvo iyo studio yakachengetedza kodzero kumunhu, Disney asiye kusvitsa Oswald mushure me1928, kunyange zvazvo nyaya dzakaramba dzichienderera mberi.
Walt Disney's Entrepreneurial Spirit:
Disney akadzokera zvakare kubhodhi, achigadzira cartoon yakanyarara inonzi Plane Crazy iyo yaive nemunhu mutsva anonzi Mickey Mouse. Asi kuuya kwezwi kwakashandura zvinhu zvose muHollywood. Kuti iwedzere kudiwa kwe "talkies," Disney yakanonoka Plane Crazy uye panzvimbo iyoyo yakabudisa kechipiri Mickey Mouse cartoon, iyi inotinhira.
Steamboat Willie , akasunungurwa muna 1928, ndiyo yaiva yekutanga firimu yekuti iite mazwi akafanana. Pasinei nokubudirira kwemafirimu munyika yose, Walt naRoy vakanga vachida mari, saka vakabvumidza mufananidzo waMickey Mouse pamubhadhara we $ 300, kuti ishandiswe pahwendefa repepa rinotarirwa vana.
Disney akagadzirisa pakushandisa teknolojia itsva yemafirimu ake. Akawana kodzero dzakakwana dzokushandisa Technicolor mumavhidhiyo mafirimu kwemakore maviri, achikunda chikamu chake chokutanga cheChikamende muna 1932 nokuda kweMafuta Mitsva nemiti , iyo yakanga iriwo yekutakura mifananidzo yakazara.
Aizokunda ma Oscars makumi maviri nemaviri pamusoro pebasa rake, iyo mibayiro yakawanda kune mumwe munhu. Mumakore mashomanana anotevera, Goofy, Donald Duck, uye vamwe vanhu vakawanda vasingakanganwiki vakabatana naMickey. Asi Disney inofunga kuti ramangwana rekambani iyi yaiva muhukuru-mafirimu mafirimu, uye yakasunungurwa Snow White neVane Vanomwe muna 1937. Yakanga iri yekutanga-mafirimu mafirimu akareba kuti abudiswe muTechnicolor, uye inodhura madhora $ 1.5 mamiriyoni kuti aite, zvisinganzwisisiki zvehuwandu Mukudzvinyirira-nguva America.
Kukura kwekambani:
Disney akaziva kuti simba rake rakanga riri mumifananidzo, kwete kunyanya, uye nenguva iyo hama dzakavaka studio muBurbank, California, dzakashanda vanhu vanopfuura 1 000, kusanganisira animators.
Kuvaka pakubudirira kweChristi White White , Disney yakabudiswa Pinocchio naFantasia muna 1940, Dumbo muna 1941, uye Bambi muna 1942. Vose vakava maonero akatsika seDisney muzvinabhizimisi akawedzera kuva mubhizimisi wake.
Asi kunopera kwema1930 uye kutanga kwema1940 kwakange kwakaoma nguva dzebhizimisi dzeAmerica. Disney akaiita kuburikidza neHurumende Yokudengenyeka uye Hondo Yenyika II kuburikidza nekutsaurira zvakawanda zvemahofisi ake matsva ekubudisa hutano, dzidzo uye propaganda mafirimu ehurumende yeUnited States. Yakagadzirawo mavhidhiyo madiki ekuda kusimbisa tsika dzenyika. Kuti awedzere mari yakawedzerwa, Disney akatora basa rake rehurumende muna 1940.
Iko kambani haina kubereka mafirimu matsva munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, asi muna 1944 yakabudisa zvakare Snow White mumitambo, zvichiunza mari yakawanda yemari yegore iroro. Izvi zvinotanga sarudzo imwechete yekudzorerazve mafirimu pamusoro pemakore gumi nerimwe, uye gare gare kuronga kuwanikwa kwemafirimu eDisney paVHS neDVD.
Yakazotevera huru yemifananidzo yakauya muna 1950, nekubudiswa kweCinderella .
Diversification:
Sezvo kambani yakakura, Disney akasiyana-siyana mukushanda kunze kwezvivaraidzo uye mafirimu ane mafirimu. Treasure Island , yakabudiswa muna 1950, ndiyo yaimbova iyo yekugara-action action film, uye kambani yakagadzira Buena Vista Distribution makore mashoma gare gare. Neyo yega inoshambadzirwa nekambani, Disney inogona kupfuurira kubvisa mafirimu asi ichichengetedza zvakanyanya pakugovera mari. Live-action inopinda saSwitzerland Family Robinson muna 1960 uye Mary Poppins muna 1964 yakatevera.
Disney TV yakatanga kusvika panguva imwechete se Treasure Island , neIye Hour inowanikwa muWonderland . Iyo yakakurumbira Mickey Mouse Club yakatanga sevheti yeTV muna 1955.
Asi yaiva imwe purogiramu yeTV yakatanga muna 1954, inonzi Disneyland , iyo yakaratidza Walt Disney yakanga ine zvirongwa zvakakura zvekambani. Makore mashomanana izvi zvisati zvamboitika, Disney yakagadzira WED Enterprises sekambani yakasiyana uye yakatanga kugadzira zvirongwa zveDisneyland, iyo giant theme paki. Nemhaka yokuti paki yacho yakanyatsova chikamu chekambani yakasiyana, Disney akakwanisa kuikurira muchivande, achishushikana pamusoro pekuti vashandi vaizoita sei kune ruzivo rwehuwandu hwepurojekiti. Disneyland yakavhurwa muna 1955 senzvimbo yepamusoro paki kusiyana nedzimwe nyika dzakanga dzaona.
Disney akashandisa nzira yakasiyana-siyana yekuita kuti musoro wepachikoro uwedzere kubudirira. Akakumbira zvikwereti zvakasiyana-siyana zvekambani kuti vatsigire mari uye zvokudya zvakabuda kunze uye pfuma mukati mepaki. Once Disneyland yakanga iri kuwana mari, kambani yakadzikinura kodzero idzodzo uye yakachengetedza mari yacho mukati. Zvirongwa zvepamuviri yechipiri, iyo yakazova Walt Disney World, yakatanga nekutora nzvimbo muFlorida muma1960. Iyi paki yechipiri yaizove neDisney maonero ezvichaitwa nevemangwana mumaguta; akaritumidza kuti "Ongororo yePurogiramu yeVanhu veMangwana," zvino inowanzozivikanwa seEpcot Center.
Kurota Kwoupenyu Kunoitika: Walt Disney akafa muna 1966, makore mashanu Disney World isati yavhurwa muOrlando, Florida, uye makore 16 Epcot Centre isati yavhurwa muna 1981. Time Magazine inonzi Disney mumwe wevanhu vakakosha muzana remakore rechi20 munguva Yaro 100 . Mumufananidzo wacho, magazini inobudisa rutivi rwusina kunaka, rwusina mufaro rwemurume akaunza mufaro kuvanhu vakawanda.
Asi hazvina kururama kutaura kuti Walt Disney akarasikirwa nemafungiro panguva yekukwira kwake kumabhizimisi kubudirira. Anotsanangurwa kakawanda sekuti, "Ndinongovimba chete kuti hatimbofi takarasikirwa nechinhu chimwe, kuti chakatanga nehotera."