Nhaurirano naKaren Kerrigan, purezidhendi uye CEO, SBE Council (Chikamu I chechipiri)
Karen Kerrigan ndiye mutungamiri uye CEO weBusiness Business & Entrepreneurship Council (SBE Council) uye mutsigiri asingatyi kune vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi maduku. Akangotora chikamu muhurukuro yeWhite House pamusoro peTrans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) yakaitwa muna DC Nov. 18. Ndakaziva uye ndakakoshesa Karen kwemakore uye ndakashamiswa nekuwana kwaakawana nguva nesimba rekuita zvinhu zvose anoita zvakanakisisa (kureva kwaari bio).
Ndakanga ndakakudzwa paakazvitora nguva kubva mumashandiro ake akabatikana kutaura neni pamusoro pe TPP, kuti ichabatsire sei vadzimai vebhizimisi vaduku uye kana chibvumirano chichatanga kushanda. Heino nyanzvi yemubvunzurudzo wedu - chikamu chimwe chekukurukurirana kwemaviri.
Laurel Delaney: Chii chichaitwa ne TPP kune vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi maduku?
Karen Kerrigan : TPP yakazarura mikana mitsva yemakakatani kune vemuAmerica madhizimisi madzimai uye vashandi vezvematongerwe enyika munyika 11 dziri kunze kwenyika vari kubvumirana. Nyika idzi - Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore neVietnam - inofanirwa ne40 muzana yeGDP pasi rose uye inosanganiswa nenyika dzakagadzirwa uye dzichiri kusimuka. Ndiyo chibvumirano chikuru uye chakanyanyobvumirana chekutengeserana chakambotaurirana. Zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana nemaitiro avo zvinobvisa zvipingamupinyi kumisika, uye TPP zvechokwadi inopedza izvozvo nezvimwe. Semuenzaniso, TPP ndiyo yekutanga sangano rekutengeserana rinonyatsoda kuti nyika dzinobatanidzwa dzipe rubatsiro rwekambani nehutachiona hwemasayiti kune vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi maduku kuti avabatsire kufamba misika ye TPP.
Izvo zvakanakisisa zvishanu zvinobatsira, mumaonero angu, ndezvi:
1 . Kuderedza uye kuparadzwa kwemitengo 18,000 ikozvino yaiswa kuUnited States. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutengeswa kwezvinhu pazvinhu zvose zvakagadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, injini dzemotokari uye zvikamu zviripo zvino zvinosvika kusvika kumazana makumi manomwe emitengo, uye mishini yekuvaka yakakwirira se60 muzana.
Dhiyabhorosi yakagadzirwa neU.S. ichasvika ku zero kubva pamabhadharo akakwirira se 47% mune dzimwe nyika dzePPP. Iyi mitero - kana mitero - ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekutengesa kuwana. Mukuwedzera, iU.S. haina kuisa mitero yakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pezvinhu zvinotengeswa pano, saka TPP inobatsira kukwikwidzana kutamba mumabhizimisi maduku eAmerica. Sezvo nyika dzePPP seboka "ndiyo inodhura zvikwereti nemakambani ekutengeserana kunze kweUnited States," maererano nehofisi yeUnited States Representative Trade (USTR), kuderedzwa kwemari uye kubviswa kwacho kuchava mutero unokosha wekutengeswa kwebhizimisi reUnited States.
2. Inoderedza kutonga kunonetsa. Kubatana kwekutonga pakati pemarudzi eTPP kuchabatsira kubvisa njodzi uye mari yekuita bhizimisi kune dzimwe nyika kumabhizimisi maduku. Kutsvaga mitemo yekutsika nekuvandudza kushandiswa kwebhizimisi kuchabatsira mabhizimisi maduku kuwana zvinhu zvavo nemabasa ekutengesa - kana vatengi vavo - nokukurumidza, izvo zvinoreva kuderedza mari, kubhadhara nokukurumidza, kutengesa mari yakawanda uye kunyatsoziva mukuita bhizinesi mumisika dze TPP.
3. Intellectual property (IP) kuchengetedza. Nyika dzePPP dzichadikanwa kutsigira kana kushandisa zvirongwa zvePI zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune mabhizinesi maduku kuti adyore mararamiro avo, kodzero, kodzero dzekodzero, zvivande zvebhizimisi uye mamwe maPI.
Zvinotonyanya kukosha, masimba ekusimbiswa kwemasimba munyika dze TPP anodiwa. Kune mabhizinesi maduku, kuba yePP uye mari inobatanidzwa mukudzivirira IP ndiyo ngozi huru uye chipingamupinyi chekuenda pasi rose. Kusimbisa IP nekusimudza mitemo ndiyo chinhu chinobatsira zvemarudzi ose emabhizimisi maduku akachengetwa shure nekuda kwekutya kuba kana kuputsa.
4. Kuvandudza Magetsi Kwemagetsi. Chibvumirano chinotarisana nezvinetso zve -e-commerce uye zvipingamupinyi, izvo zvichabatsira zvikuru kuwedzera mikana yemabhizimisi maduku kuita bhizimisi munyika idzi. Iyo TPP inokurudzira mitemo yeInternet yakazaruka, uye nyika haigone kudzivirira mawebsite emakambani anogona kukwikwidzana nemabhizimisi emunyika yavo. Nyika dze TPP hazvikwanisi kuti makambani ekuvaka dzimba dzekuita semamiriro ezvinhu ekuita bhizinesi munyika idzi, uye chibvumirano chinorambidza kodzero dzemitambo pa-e-transmissions - somuenzaniso, pane zvehupfumi nemimwe michina yemagetsi.
Izvi zvinoderedza mari yekuita bhizinesi, kuwedzerwa kuwana mari kumisika uye kubvumira mabhizimisi maduku anoshandisa mapurisa ekutengesa zvinhu nemabasa - somuenzaniso, pane Etsy - kukwikwidzana kwekambani kumakwenzi ePPP.
Bhizimisi reMabhizimisi Maduku.
TPP nyika imwe neimwe inodiwa kukudziridza mawebsite akazvitsaurira kubatsira mabhizimisi maduku kunzwisisa chibvumirano sezvaanosangana nekuwana misika yavo. Maererano neU.STR mabhuku ewebhu aya "anopa ruzivo rwekutsvaga nyore nyore pamusoro peTPP uye nzira dzakashambadzira zviduku zvingashandisa zvayo, kusanganisira kutsanangurwa kwezvakagadzirwa zvePPP zvakakosha kumabhizimisi maduku uye mashoma; mitemo nemitemo ine chokuita nekodzero kodzero dzepfuma; kutengeswa kwenyika kune dzimwe nyika; mabhizimisi ekunyora nzira; mitemo yemabasa; uye mutero wekodzero. "Kugadzirira kugona kune ruzivo uye rubatsiro rwekambani inoponesa nguva uye mari yevatengesi. Zvishandiso izvi zvinotarisirwa kuva "kushandiswa kwevashandisi" uye inogona kuva basa rinobudirira kumabhizimisi mashomanana ari matsva kune zvekutengeserana kwenyika, kana avo vane mibvunzo pamusoro pekuita bhizinesi mune dzimwe misika dze TPP.
LD: Ndeipi apo TPP inotanga kushanda?
KK: Zvose zvinodaro apo kushandiswa kwemitemo kunoiswa muHarare neSeneti, uye apo dzimwe nyika dzichibvumirana nebasa kuburikidza nemitemo yavo yepamutemo. Apo kamwe US Congress inotanga musangano wekushandisa kweTPP (hapana nguva yekupedzisira yechitsva ichi), nguva yemazuva nemitambo yakatarwa inokonzerwa.
Izvi ndizvo zvatinoziva kusvika ikozvino: Mutungamiri Obama akaudza Congress pamusoro peNov. 5 kuti anoda kuratidzira TPP. Izvi zvakakonzera kudzokorora kwemazuva 90 emashoko echibvumirano, izvo zvinoreva kuti Mutungamiri achasaina TPP munaFebruary 2016. Kana uye neImba neSeneti inyorera mutemo paMutungamiri weMutungamiri weMutungamiri, nguva yakatarwa yevhoti inotanga mazuva makumi mashanu mushure mekunge Bill inotangwa. Nzira yeNzira Nenzira uye Nhengo dzeKomiti dzichavhota kana kuti isati yasvika musi we45, uye imba yakazara ine mazuva gumi nemashanu ekuvhota pamutemo. Mutemo unobva waenda kuSeneti umo Matare Emari ane mazuva gumi nemashanu okuvhota pamutemo, uye kuteverwa nemamwe mazuva gumi nemakumi mashanu ekuvhota kweSeneti.
Tichaona kuti sarudzo-gore rezvematongerwe enyika rinopinda munyaya iyi. White House yakazvipira zvakakwana kutamisa TPP mugore rekupedzisira reMutungamiri muhofisi. Heino mamwe mashoko anofadza wandakagumburwa kare kubva kuna Dr. Sheng Lu, Dhipatimendi reFashion & Apparel Studies, University of Delaware: "[kubva muna 1985 US-Israel Free Trade Agreement,] muvhareji wenguva yakawanda pakati pekusaina uye kushandiswa kwekutengeserana pachena chibvumirano (FTA) muUnited States mwedzi 25.5 (makore anopfuura 2). Zvisinei, kubva muna 2006 chiyero chemazuva chakakwira chichiwedzera kusvika 48.8 mwedzi (anenge makore mana). "(Chinhu)
Karen Kerrigan ndiye mutungamiri uye mukuru weBusiness Business & Entrepreneurship Council (SBE Council). Iyi ndiyo chikamu chokupedzisira chehurukuro mbiri-chikamu apo inotaura nezvekambani kabudiro kabudirira nyaya uye dzimwe nzira TPP ichasimudzira bhizimisi kune vatengesi. Kana iwe uri mutsva ku TPP, unogona kuzviziva nechibvumirano pano.
Laurel Delaney: Unogona here kupa muenzaniso chaiwo wemudzimai webhizimisi muduku ari kumirira nomwoyo wose kutenderera kweTPP nokuti ichava nechinoshamisa pane yekambani yake yekushanda kwenyika yose?
Karen Kerrigan: Sezvakataurwa mune imwe pfupi yapfuura, zvikamu zviduku zvakagadzirwa seCobalt Enterprises (zvakatanga mugaraji) muWashington nyika inomirira nomwoyo wose chibvumirano che TPP. Ichaderedza zvipingamupinyi uye inounza mamwe mabasa. Makambani anenge atova kushanda mumusika wepasi rese sechikamu chekugovera, zvakadai seCobalt, vanoona hukuru hwakakura hwekuwedzera kwebhizimisi ravo. Mabhizimisi maduku muzvokudya uye mune zvekurimawo anoonawo mikana yakawanda yekuwana, kwete chete nekuti mari yazvino inotarisana nayo ndeyezvinodiwa mari kumabhizimisi avo (uye ivo vachawana pakarepo mutero kubviswa), asi kukura mumombe, nyuchi uye inguruve kunze kwenyika. Indasitiri yezvokurima inotungamirirwa nemabhizimisi maduku. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nevarimi vezvokudya - zvekare zvakare makambani mashoma ekutengeserana - ona zvakakosha zvikuru, kunyanya sezvo mararamiro emakambani ekugadzirisa matanho anowedzerwa ne-e-commerce zvigadziro, izvo zvinobvumira kuti mawebhusayithi avepo anogara munyika dze TPP. Zviri pachena kuti iyi yekupedzisira ndeyechokwadi kumakambani mashoma ane e-commerce panepo.
LD: Ko TPP ichakanganisa zvigadzirwa zvekutengeserana here kana kuti kushandiswa kwekutengesa kune dzimwe nyika kunowedzerawo?
KK: Ehe, kutengeserana kuchasunungurwawo munzvimbo ino. Hapana TPP nyika inogona kuisa mitemo yakawanda, inoda zvibvumirano zvakananga zvemutemo kana hutano hwakabatana kana hupo hwepo (kugadzira mahofisi munyika dze TPP.) Munharaunda yebasa rezvemari, somuenzaniso, vatapi havafaniri kutora basa munyika. Makambani emari ekune dzimwe nyika anogona kupawo mitsva uye mazano ekugadzirisa kana makambani epamba achibvumirwa kuita kudaro.
LD: Ko dzidzo yekudzidzira ichachengetedzwa sei pasi pe TPP?
KK: Mune dzimwe nyika dzePPP, ikozvino yakaoma zvikuru uye inodhura kubhadhara IP nekuikurumidza kuchengetedza. Mukuwedzera, kuzvipira kwekuchengetedza IP hakusi kwakasimba kana kutorwa sezvinongoita sevamwe. Zviri pachena kuti mabhizimisi maduku mazhinji anotya kuita bhizinesi kune dzimwe nyika nekuda kwekubata kweP IP uye yakawanda mari inobatanidzwa mukudzivirira IP. Zvose nyika dze TPP dzinofanirwa kuita kuti kubhadhara kunyore nyore kwepavheti, mabhizimisi, zvikodzero uye zvinyorwa zvebhizimisi, kusanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwekambani yekuvhara. Nyika dzePPP dzakazvipira zvakasimba mukusimbisa. Izvi zvinosanganisira nzira dzehurumende uye zvikwereti zvakasimba - kusanganisira mhaka - nekuda kwemhosva.
LD: Nyika dziri chikamu cheTPP chinangwa chekupa teknolojia inonyatsozivikanwa sei kune vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi vaduku kuti vavabatsire kuita bhizinesi pamusika wavo nyore nyore. Izvi zvichaita sei?
KK: Ndinotenda kuti dzimwe nyika dzichaita izvi zviri nani kune vamwe pakutanga. Pane imwe nguva nyika dzichigadzira webhusaiti dzewebhu uye zvigadziri-zvese zvehurumende, hutano hwakanaka huchabuda huchabatsira kubata nyika dze TPP kuzvidavirira kumabasa avo emabhizimisi maduku. Chimwe chikamu chinokosha ndicho chidimbu chekuongorora nguva dzose kuti TPP inoshanda sei kumabhizimisi maduku. Panove nehutano hwakasiyana kana komiti yakagadzwa sechikamu chegadziriro ye TPP iyo basa rayo richave kugamuchira mhinduro uye pfungwa kubva kunharaunda duku yebhizimisi kuvandudza kuti sungano iyi inogona sei kushanda zvakanaka, nekusimbisa kuzvipira kwenyika imwe neimwe yekubatsira vatengesi kuwana misika yavo.
LD: Kunze kwevanabhizimisi, ndeapi mashizha (eg, logistics, mabanki, vatengesi vekutakura) vachamira kuti vabatsire zvikuru kubva munharaunda ye TPP?
KK: Zvose zvakasungwa zvemabhizimisi mumasangano asingaverengeki zvinomiririra kubva kune TPP. Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakanyatsovharwa kunze kwemisika iyi nekuda kwemitengo yakakwirira, iyo zvakare yakawanda (18,000 mune zvose), chibvumirano chinozarura mukova wekukwikwidzana kuwana nekukura. Semuenzaniso, zvokudya zveU.S. uye zvekurima zvekurima zvakatengesa $ 58 biliyoni munyika dze TPP. Zvakare, kutengesa kwemari uye kuderedzwa kuchava kukurudzira kukuru kuvarimi vaduku vezvokudya uye varimi vanobva vatengesa kunze kana vanoda kutumira kunze. Japan , somuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzekutengesa dzinosvika 11,9 muzana pamakumbo matsva uye mazhenje emakumbo, uye izvi zvichazopedzisira zvabviswa. Kubva pane zvokudya kusvika kune mafashoni, machira kusvika kuterevhizheni, kubhengi kunwa doro, kugadzira kune software - mashizha asingaverengeki achabatsirwa.
LD: Ndezvipi zvingani vadzimai vemabhizimisi vanogona kuwana mamwe mashoko pamusoro pe TPP?
KK: USTR yakagadzira purogiramu yakaisvonaka yehutano ye TPP. Nepo iwe uchigona kuverenga iyo yose TPP pachibvumirano paIndaneti, USTR inopa zvinyorwa zvechitsauko chega chega (kusanganisira kubatsirwa kwebhizimisi shoma, uye Chitsauko 24, Small Business Chapter.)
Vashambadziri nevadzimai vemabhizimisi maduku vanogonawo kuisa bhadharo yewebhu yeBusiness Business & Entrepreneurship Council kana kutumira tsamba yedu ye-e-newsletter sezvatichave tichipa zvinyorwa zvese zvekufambira mberi kweTPP, uye hutsva hutsva uye ruzivo pamusoro pemikana yemabhizimisi maduku.