2001 kusvika muna 2009: 10 Nhepfenyuro dzeMari dzeMakore gumi

by Rosemary Peavler

IWed Financial Events iyo Yakavhiringidza Bhizinesi mumakore gumi

Pakave nezviitiko zvakawanda zvakakosha zvemari mumakore gumi kuti zvakaoma kusarudza gumi gumi. Yakave ine makore gumi nemitambo yezvipfeko zvezviitiko zvemari muUnited States uye pasi pose, zvimwe zvakanaka, zvimwe zvakashata, uye zvose zvinyorwa. Zvose zvezviitiko zvemari zvave zvichikosha kumabhizimisi maduku. Pakave nekurwiswa kwegandanga nemigumisiro yezvemari, mhepo, mhirizhonga pamwe nehupfumi, hondo, uye kuputsika kwehupfumi hwehupfumi.

Heino nhamba yako yepamusoro 10, yakanyorwa zvishoma negore!

10 - Gore ra2000: Kuputika kweDot.com, kana Technology, Bubble

IInternet yakanga iri mumutauro. Vashandi vezvemabhizimisi vakaona mikana mubhizinesi reInternet Zvisinei, bhizinesi rekuIndaneti rakanga riri mucheche. Munhu wese aive achitaura nezve "hupfumi hutsva" hwakataurira hupfumi hweInternet. Nyaya dzakawanda dzepa dot.com, sa Yahoo.com, dzakanyorwa pane NASDAQ. MunaJanuary 2000, NASDAQ yakavhara pamusoro pe5000. NASDAQ ikozvino inotengeserana kunenge kusvika 2100.

Vashandi vaive vaine pfuma pamatanda asingabatsiri nemitengo yakakwirira uye yepamusoro yemari / mari inowanikwa - makambani semakambani epurogiramu uye zvinhu zvose zvemakombiyuta neInternet. Cisco Systems, somuenzaniso, akatengeswa kanopfuura ka150 kuwana mari muna March 2000.

MunaEpril ya2000, nhoroondo yezvigadziriswa yakaita kuti bubble yekufungidzira ibudirire uye kwaive nekurasikirwa kukuru kwekutsinhanisa.

09 - Gore 2001: September 11 Kugandanga Kwegandanga

Nzira dzekutsvaga kwemagandanga 9/11 dzaive zviitiko zvakabatsira kuumba zvimwe zviitiko zvemari zve gumi. Mushure mokunge musi iwoyo unotyisa munaSeptember 2001, mamiriro edu ehupfumi akanga asingambovi akafanana zvakare. Yaiva nguva yechitatu munhoroondo iyo New York Stock Exchange yakavharwa kwenguva yakati. Munyaya iyi, yakavharwa kubva munaSeptember 10 kusvika ku17. Kunze kwekurasika kwevanhu kwezuva iro, kurasikirwa kwehupfumi hakukwanisi kuenzaniswa.

Vamwe vanofungidzira kuti kwaiva ne $ 60 biliyoni muhushuga kurasikirwa chete. Inenge mabhizimisi makumi mapfumbamwe nemazana makumi mapfumbamwe nemazana emakumi mashanu akave akadzingwa kana kuparadzwa muNot Manhattan shure kweTwin Towers. Ikoko kwaive nekuvakwa kwekuchengeteka kwemunharaunda kumativi ose. 9/11 yakakonzera kukanganisa kwemari kweAmerica

08 - Gore 2001: Enron, the Emergence of Corporate Fraud, uye Corporate Governance

Enron , mumwe wemakambani makuru emagetsi panguva ino, uye Arthur Andersen, mumwe wevashandi vepamusoro mashanu ehurumende dzezvemari, akabatwa mukunyadzisa kwekambani kwakatungamirira kuparadzwa kwaEnron uye kuparadzwa kwaArthur Andersen.

Enron yakavanza mabhiriyoni emadhora emadhora kubva kune vagovana vayo mukutadza kukanganisa nemaitiro. Uyezve, yakamanikidza vanyori vayo, Arthur Andersen, kusazvidza nyaya. Vashandi vanodarika mari inodarika $ 60 biliyoni.

Izvi zvakakonzera kuenderera kweSarbanes-Oxley Mutemo we2002 iyo yakawedzera chirango chekubhadhara mari dzekubhadhara uye yakarayira makambani ekuverengera kuti varambe vachizvimiririra nevatengi vavo. Mamwe makambani akadai saTyco uye Worldcom vakawana zvikanganiso zvakafanana. Izvi zvakashata zvakanyunyutira mabhizimisi ekuchengetedza uye kuvimba kwevatengi.

07 - Gore ra2002: Kurasika Kwemahombekiti

Mushure memashoko mashomanana mapeji 9/11, mutengo wemabhizimisi wakabatanidzwa, asi wakatanga kumirazve munaMarch 2002. Misika yakasvikiswa isina kuonekwa kubva muna 1997 na1999 munaJuly naSeptember ye2002. Kuipa kwekunyengedzera kwakadai, seEnron, pamwe ne 9/11, vaibatsira pakurasikirwa kwekuisa mari kune vashandi mumusika wekutengesa.

06 - Makore Makore 2001 uye 2003 - Iye Zvino: Hondo Nekutyisa uye Hondo yeIraq

Mushure mokurwisa kwemagandanga 9/11, Hondo yekutya yakatangwa muAfghanistan uye hondo yeIraq yakatanga muna 2003. Mari yehondo idzi iri kuenderera mberi. Kusvika iye zvino, Congressional Research Service yakagamuchira mari inosvika $ 944 mabhiriyoni ekushanda kune dzimwe nyika. Izvi zvave zvisinganzwisisiki zvemari pakudenga kwedu uye hazvigoni kuziva kuti mari yekupedzisira ichave iri.

05 - Gore 2005: China neIndia Kukura seHome Financial Power

Kuwedzera kweChina neIndia semasimba enyika ezvemari hazvisi zvisingashamisi. Economists vanofungidzira kuti nyika mbiri idzi dzinogona kukura pamwero we7-8% kwemakumi emakore ari kuuya. China, yoga, yakakura kusvika 9,6% kwemakore makumi maviri adarika. Pamwe chete, nyika mbiri dzinoverenga chikamu chetatu chenhamba yevanhu.

Nyika dzakadai seUnited States dzakatanga kutengesa basa kune China neIndia nekuda kwebasa rakaderera. Izvi hazvisati zviri izvo. Vakachengeta basa ravo munyika mbiri nokuti vakawana tarenda. Tareji yezvinhu zvitsva mumagetsi epamusoro-soro. Mamiriyoni emasayendisiti nevanjiniya vanodzidziswa muIndia neChina gore roga roga zvichienzaniswa nenhamba yakaderera zvikuru muUnited States Kuyera kwemasimba mune teknolojia kunogona kuenda kuMadokero kusvika kuEast.

04 - Gore 2005: Mhirizhonga Katrina uye Rita

Musi waAugust 25, 2005, Hurricane Katrina yakarova Gulf Coast yeUnited States seSimba Guru 3 kana kuti Low Category 4 dutu. Yakakurumidza kuva dambudziko guru rekuzvarwa muAmerica, zvichida kuparadza New Orleans nekuda kwemvura yakaoma.

Dutu reRita rakakurumidza kutevera Katrina kuti riite kuti zvinhu zviwedzere. Pakati pezviviri, kudarika madhora mazana maviri emadhora mabhiriyoni mukuvadza kwakaitwa. Mabasa zviuru mazana mana akaparara uye misha 275 000 yakaparadzwa. Mazhinji emabasa uye misha yakanga isati yadzorerwa zvakare. Mazana ezviuru zvevanhu akadzingwa uye vazhinji vanopfuura 1 000 vakaurayiwa uye zvakawanda zviripo. Izvozvo zvakagadzirwa nemafuta nemafuta petori zvakagara kwenguva refu.

03 - Makore 2007 uye 2008: Sub-Prime Housing Crisis uye Housing Bubble

Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi21, misika yemuUnited States yakanga ichiwedzera. Nzvimbo dzekugara dzakanga dzakakwirira. Chero anenge chero munhu aida kutenga imba aigona kutenga imba. Chiitiko chinonzi sub-prime chikwereti chakasimuka. Vanhu nemhuri iyo, munguva yakapfuura, yakanga isingakwanisi kuwana chikwereti chaikwanisa kukwanisa kugadziriswa-kutengesa mari yekutengesa nechepasi kana kuti kwete kubhadhara chikwereti uye kuderera kwechibereko chekutanga.

Mabhangi akaita zvikwereti zvekukweretesa kuvanhu ava kune dzimba dzine mararamiro. Sezvo zvikwereti zvinowedzera uye mari yavo yakagadziriswa yakawana mari yakawanda, haigoni kuita mari yavo yokubhadhara mari. Munguva pfupi, masangano makuru ezvemari ainge akachengetedza mahofisi ekubhadhara zvikwereti zvaisina maturo. Izvo "chikwereti chikamu" yakatevera.

02 - Gore ra2008: Bernard Madoff uye Biggest Ponzi Scheme muNhoroondo

Bernard Madoff, uyo aive nemugove wake wehupfumi wekutsvaga mari, aimbova sachigaro weNASDAQ. Muna 2008, akabvumirana kuti aite chirongwa chePonzi chikuru apo akabhadhara vatengesi vake nemari kubva kune vamwe vatengi. Pakupedzisira, zvose zvakasimbiswa uye haaikwanisa kuita zvaaisungirwa. Mune imwe yenzira dzakawanda dzekutsvaga utsotsi muWall Street, akabiridzira varairi varo vanodarika madhora 18 mabhiriyoni. Akatongerwa kutongerwa makore 150 mujeri.

01 - Makore 2007 - 2009: The Global Recession uye Collapse yeWall Street

MunaSeptember ya2008, dutu rinoratidzika rakakwana rezvinhu zvakasangana pamwe chete kuti zvive nehupfumi hwakanyanya kuderera kwete muAmerica chete, asi pasi rose, kubva kuHurumende Yokudarika. Mabhanga makuru ekutsvaga mabhizimisi ayo akanga akamira paWall Street akatanga kuwira nekuda kwechimbichimbi chekutengesa mari uye kukanganisa kwekambani. Pakati pemwedzi yekupedzisira yeBush Administration, hurumende yehurumende yakapinda kuzobhadhara dzimwe dzezvivako kuitira kuti kuchengeta mari yeUnited States iwedzere.

Nenguva iyo Obama Administration yakaenda kuVhite House munaJanuary 2009, hupfumi hwakanga huchibvumirana uye kudengenyeka kwakabata. Pakupera kwa2009, pane zviratidzo zvekuwanazve, asi zvinogona kunge zvakakura, zvishoma, uye zvinorwadza.